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Physics of large-scale impacts and planetary evolution

大规模撞击和行星演化的物理学

基本信息

批准号：
59390007
负责人：
NAKAZAWA Kiyoshi
金额：
$ 7.23万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1984
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1984 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Our projects are divided into four groups:(1) Study on the collisional probability of two particles moving around the Sun.(2) Experimental Study on the products of collisions and mass, energy, and rotational distributions of their fragments.(3) Study on the collisional degassing and collisional metamorphisim combining collision experiments and chemical, isotopical measurements.(4) Studies on the formation processes of the planets and meteorites, and the origin of the planetary atmosphere using the results obtained in subprojects (1) to (3).Before the start of this project, any studies on this field have not been developed and we were in very primitive stage of investigations. Thus, we cannot now have the whole, well-established results. However, during 3 years within which we have been supported by the grant-in-aid for scientific research, we have interesting and useful results for the future studies.As for subproject (1), we have succeeded in formulating mathematically the statistical behavior of the particles moving in the solar gravity. We are now under investigations of numerical orbital calculations; combining we will soon have final and extensive results on the collisional and scattering probabilities between particles. For subject (2), we have already obtained the general scaling law on the collisional behavior of colliding products and on the mass distribution of the collisional fragments. Also we have a preliminary results on the distribution of rotational frequency of the fragments. As to subproject (3), preliminary experiments and chemical measurements have been made with the results that the degassing rate is very small contrary to the result obtained by Ahrens et al. Finally, for subproject (4), we have proposed new scenario on the origin of the planetary atmosphere; terrestrial atmosphere and those of Venus and Mars. As a whole we are now in the course of complete understanding on this field and should continue to investigate in the future.

我们的项目分为四组：(1)研究两个粒子围绕太阳运动的碰撞几率。(2)碰撞产物及其碎片的质量、能量和旋转分布的实验研究。(3)碰撞脱气和碰撞变质研究。结合碰撞实验和化学、同位素测量。(4)使用子项目(1)至(3)中的结果研究行星和陨石的形成过程，以及行星大气的起源。在本项目开始之前，这一领域的任何研究都还没有开展，我们还处于非常原始的调查阶段。因此，我们现在不可能有完整的、公认的结果。然而，在我们获得科学研究补助的三年时间里，我们有了对未来研究有趣和有用的结果。至于子项目(1)，我们成功地从数学上描述了粒子在太阳引力中运动的统计行为。我们现在正在研究数值轨道计算；结合起来，我们很快就会得到关于粒子之间碰撞和散射概率的最终和广泛的结果。对于主体(2)，我们已经得到了碰撞产物的碰撞行为和碰撞碎片的质量分布的一般标度定律。我们还得到了碎片转动频率分布的初步结果。关于子项目(3)，进行了初步实验和化学测量，结果表明脱气速率很小，与Ahrens等人的结果相反。最后，对于子项目(4)，我们提出了关于行星大气、陆地大气以及金星和火星大气起源的新设想。作为一个整体，我们现在正处于对这一领域的完全了解过程中，今后应该继续调查。