巨大衝突に始まる月形成:岩石破片円盤形成から揮発性物質散逸まで

火星大小的原行星与地球之间的巨大碰撞可能会产生月球。这就是月球形成的模型，被称为“巨型撞击模型”。今天，许多研究月球起源的科学家认为这个模型是最可靠的。在这项研究中，我们分两部分对该模型进行了两年的研究。第一部分是对其自身产生的巨大影响的研究。二是月球从环绕地球的圆盘聚集的过程，由于圆盘中密度波产生的轴不对称引力场，月球在环绕地球的圆盘中的积累得到了强烈的质量传递的支持。重力场将岩石碎片带到了罗氏边界以外的地方。然后，碎片堆积到了这颗卫星上。我们通过N体数值模拟确定了传递过程，并从理论上将传递速率表示为初始盘质量的函数。除此之外，我们发现最初的光盘可以产生多个小卫星…更多的超出罗氏限制，最初很重的一颗可能会产生巨大的单星。因此，我们估计了拥有一颗月球的地球的初始盘质量是月球质量的3倍以上。在行星形成过程中，原行星之间的巨大碰撞可能会非常频繁地发生。因此，无论是作为月球形成阶段，还是作为行星形成的重要基本过程之一，对其影响的研究都是非常重要的。我们研究了大范围撞击参数下的巨型撞击过程，而不是仅仅集中在月球形成过程上。从研究中我们发现，原始行星在撞击瞬间发生了显著的变形，但原始行星通过其强大的自引力恢复了其整体形状。除此之外，我们确认修复后的原始行星是在绕地球运行的椭圆形轨道上，再也不会产生巨大的撞击。这一事实意味着，巨大的撞击过程可能会起到类似于月球形成过程中的“捕获过程”的作用。较少

The giant impact between a Mars size proto-planet and the Earth could produce the moon. This is the model of moon formation called "The Giant Impact Model". Today many scientists studying about the origin of the moon consider the model the most reliable one. In this study we investigated the model in two parts for two years. First part is study about the giant impact it self. Second is the accumulation process of the moon from the disk around the Earth.The accumulation of the moon in the circum earth disk was supported by strong mass transfer due to the axis-asymmetric gravitational field produced by density waves in the disk. The gravitational field carried the rock debris outer than the Roche limits. Then the debris accumulated to the single moon. We have confirmed the transfer process by N-body numerical simulation and formulate the transfer rate as a function of initial disk mass theoretically. In addition to that, we found that initially light disk could produce multiple moonlets … More outside the Roche limits and initially heavy one could produce massive single moon. So, we estimate the initial disk mass of the Earth which has single moon as heavier than 3 times the mass of the moon.The giant impacts between proto-planets could take place very frequently in the planetary formation process. So, it is important to investigate the impacts not only as the moon formation stage but also one of the important basic process in the planetary formation. We have investigated the giant impact process under the wide range of impact parameters rather than to concentrate on the moon formation process only. From the studies we have found that the proto planet deformed significantly at the impact instance, but the proto planet restore its global figure by its strong self gravity. In addition to that we confirmed that the restored proto planet was on the oval orbit around the Earth which never produces the giant impact any more. This fact implies that the giant impact process could play a role resemble to the "Capture process" in the moon formation. Less