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Analysis of production processes of lower trophic levels in upwelling ecosystem

上升流生态系统低营养级生产过程分析

基本信息

批准号：
60304004
负责人：
ICHIMURA Shun-ei
金额：
$ 2.69万
依托单位：
The Japanese Red Cross College of Nursing (1986)Chiba University (1985)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60304004/
关键词：
upwelling ecosystem lower trophic level organisms phytoplankton zooplankton product 増殖

项目摘要

Research has been focussed on the propagation responses of lower trophic level organisms, particularly phyto- and zoo-plankton, to rapid and drastic changes in the environment in a given water mass of regional upwelling having small areal and short temporal scales such as a few kilometers at the sea surface and a few days to one week of temporal scale. Experimental setups of a surface monitoring system and OCTOPUS have been developed, and remote sensing technique from space and XBT were also introduced for the research. Since geophysical treatment was unavoidable for the research of regional upwelling, participation of US geophysicists were invited by the financial supports of "The Japan-US Cooperative Science Program" of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and the National Science Foundation in USA. Field experiments were carried out in the area of Izu Islands using R. V. Tansei-Maru of Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, and "Tsukuba" of Marine Research Center o … More f University of Tsukuba. Major attention was given to the detection of a given upwelled water mass, and to follow the temporal changes of various biological processes in and out of the upwelled water mass. Results obtained are as follows. Water mass of 30 to 100m in depth was generally upwelled to the surface in the study area. Phytoplankton propagation was activated within a few days after upwelling, and phytoplankton biomass increased exponentially with time. Growth stimulation occurred in all the groups of phytoplankton, and a few species of diatom were particularly enhanced greatly. Photosynthetic products of phytoplankton in newly upwelled water mass was rich in proteins, which resulted in an enlargement of phytoplankton population size. In older upwelled water mass, on the other hand, photosynthetic products were mainly composed of energy sources such as sugars, which resulted in maintaining the existing population rather than size expansion. Similar growth stimulation in upwelled water mass also observed in zooplankton population in which females extensively increased egg production rate with the increase of phytoplankton biomass. Less

研究的重点是低营养级生物，特别是浮游植物和动物，在区域上升流的特定水团中，对环境的快速和剧烈变化的繁殖反应，这些变化具有小面积和短时间尺度，如海面上的几公里和几天至一周的时间尺度。建立了地面监测系统和OCTOPUS实验装置，并引入了空间遥感技术和XBT技术进行研究。由于对区域上升流的研究不可避免地要进行地球物理处理，美国地球物理学家在日本科学促进会和美国国家科学基金会的“日美合作科学计划”的资助下应邀参加。利用东京大学海洋研究所的R. V. Tansei-Maru和筑波大学海洋研究中心的“筑波”在伊豆群岛地区进行了实地试验。主要关注对给定上升流水团的检测，并跟踪上升流水团内外各种生物过程的时间变化。所得结果如下：研究区30 ~ 100m深度的水团普遍上涌至地表。浮游植物的繁殖在上升流后的几天内被激活，浮游植物生物量随时间呈指数增长。所有浮游植物类群的生长均受到刺激，其中少数硅藻种类的生长受到的刺激尤为明显。新上涌水体中浮游植物的光合产物富含蛋白质，导致浮游植物种群规模增大。另一方面，在较老的上升流水体中，光合产物主要由糖等能量来源组成，这导致了现有种群的维持而不是规模的扩大。在浮游动物种群中也观察到类似的生长刺激，随着浮游植物生物量的增加，雌性产卵率普遍提高。少