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Acclimation and Adaptation to Thermal and Light Environment in Production- and Reproduction Process of Plants

植物生产繁殖过程中对热光环境的驯化和适应

基本信息

批准号：
60304003
负责人：
YOKOI Yota
金额：
$ 9.02万
依托单位：
Ibaraki University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60304003/
关键词：
Acclimation Adaptation Photosynthesis Evergreen Plants moss Sunflecks Sink and source 光合成の数学モデル

项目摘要

In this project, we investigated the situation and mechanism of the acclimation and adaptation of plants to thermal and light environments. Three various approaches, i. e. field investigation, laboratory experiment and theoretical analysis with mathematical model, were adopted for this project. Production and reproduction process of two evergreen perennial herbs (Ainsliaea apiculata and Pyrola nephrophylla) were surveyed on the forest floor of cool temperate zone, and seasonal changes of the temperature dependent characteristics of photosynthesis, effect of temperature on respiratory loss, and the meaning of matter storage for reproduction under the light limited condition were shown. The photosynthetic behaviour of the saplings of evergreen broad leaf trees was investigated in detail on a forest floor of the transisional area of warm and cool temperate zones, and the acclimation of light dependent photosynthetic characteristics for sunflecks was analysed. The ability of positive photosynthetic production at low temperature (-10゜C) was observed in some species of moss and lichen. The thermal environment and energy balance of two moss species were surveyed at nearly the top of Mt. Fuzi. It was shown that the morphological characteristics of the moss was very important for the energy balance and the life situation under those severe thermal conditions. It was suggested from the physiological experiment with model plant that low temperature limits photosynthetic activity by source-sink relationship, and it was shown that accumulation of sucrose in leaf is the central factor of the limitation mechanism. Theoretical study with the mathematical model constructed originally in this project showed that specific leaf weight (SLW) was one of the main foctors of the acclimation and adaptation of single leaf photosynthesis for light and thermal environment.

本课题主要研究了植物对光、热环境的适应和适应情况及其机制。三种不同的方法，i。e.采用野外调查、室内试验和数学模型理论分析相结合的方法。通过对冷温带林下2种万年青多年生草本植物（尖叶兔耳风和肾叶鹿蹄草）生产和繁殖过程的观测，揭示了光合作用温度依赖特性的季节变化、温度对呼吸损失的影响以及光限条件下物质储备对繁殖的意义。本文对暖冷温带过渡带万年青阔叶树幼树的光合行为进行了详细的研究，分析了光依赖光合特性对日照的适应。在某些苔藓和地衣中观察到在低温（-10 ° C）下的正光合产物能力。在近山顶调查了两种藓类植物的热环境和能量平衡。夫子。结果表明，苔藓植物的形态特征对植物的能量平衡和在极端高温条件下的生存状况具有重要意义。模式植物的生理试验表明，低温通过源库关系限制光合活性，而蔗糖在叶片中的积累是其限制机制的中心因素。利用本课题首次建立的数学模型进行理论研究，结果表明：比叶重是影响单叶光合作用对光、热环境适应的主要因素之一。