Studies on mechanisms of protective immunity of fish and dissemination of pathogenic microorganisms in aquatic environment.

1.抗体和补体的存在增强了虹鳟鱼腹腔巨噬细胞对鳗弧菌的吞噬作用。注射鳗弧菌的鳟鱼不仅在抗体检测之前表现出保护性免疫，而且还激活了巨噬细胞。鳟鱼血清激活补体C反应蛋白.真鲷上皮囊原虫病病原分离失败，但通过共培养成功进行了体外培养。该疾病是在幼真鲷中人工繁殖的。病原体的平均尺寸估计为0.51 m。3.溶血弧菌数量。由两种淡水腹足类软体动物，Clithon retropictus和Corbicula japonica携带，个体差异很大。约30%的弧菌分离物的神奈川溶血素阳性，经实验接种后，弧菌在这些贝类中定居，而在白螺螺中不定居.鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio ...更多信息 ）免疫小鼠，在检测到抗体之前，表现出较强的保护性免疫，这种免疫力不是通过抗体转移的，而是通过非粘附性肾细胞转移的。巨噬细胞吞噬功能增强。免疫鲤鱼肾细胞培养液能增强非免疫鲤鱼的吞噬功能.从石川、岩手和广岛县的养殖牡蛎中回收了JOV-1病毒。从日本滨对虾、贻贝、扇贝和鲍鱼中均未检出病毒。虹鳟鱼和鲑鱼接种病毒后的死亡率明显取决于水温。低于10摄氏度的温度会导致幼鱼的高死亡率。6.用杀鲑气单胞菌强毒或灭活后接种虹鳟鱼，产生ELISA抗体，并与凝集素和血清稀释液平行。用ELISA法检测，A.杀鲑鱼和抗原相关细菌。鱼的保护性免疫力与ELISA或凝集素无关。少

1. Phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages of rainbow trout against Vibrio anguillarum was enhanced by the presence of antibody and complement. The trout injected with killed V. anguillarum showed not only protective immunity prior to the detection of antibody but also activation of macrophages. C reactive proteinof trout serum activated complement.2. Isolation of causative agent of epitheliocystis disease of red sea bream was failed but its cultivation in vitro was succesful by co-cultivation. The disease was artificially reproduced in young red sea bream. Size of the causative agent was estimated as 0.51 m in average.3. Number of Vibrio haemolvticus. which was carried by two brackish gastropodmolluscs, Clithon retropictus and Corbicula japonica, considerably varied individually. About 30 % of Vibrio isolates from these molluscs were positive for Kanagawa haemolysin, Upon experimental inoculation, the Vibrio settled in these molluscs but not in Nerita albicilla.4. Carp (Cyprinus carpio … More ) immunized with crude lipopolysaccharid of Aeromonas hydrophila demonstrated strong protective immunity prior to the detection of antibody, This immunity was not transferred with antibody but transferred with non-adhesive kidney cells. Phagocytosis of macrophage was increased. Culture fluid of kidney cells of immunized carp enhanced phagocytosis of non-immunized carp.5. JOV-1 virus was recovered from cultured oyster obtained from Ishikawa, Iwate and Hiroshima Prefectures. Virus recovery was ngative from Japanese littleneck, mussel, scallop and abalone. Mortality of rainbow trout and salmon after inoculation with the virus markably depended on water temperature. Lower temperature than 10 C induced high mortality in younger fish.6. ELISA antibody was produced by inoculation of rainbow trout with virulent or killed Aeromonas salmonicida and was in parallel with agglutinin and dilution of serum. Using ELISA, almost no cross-reaction was observed between A. salmonicida and antigenically related bacteria. There was no relationship between protective immunity in fish and ELISA or agglutinin. Less