Geochemical investigation of submarine hydrothermal systems.

夏威夷Loihi Seamount的水力活动，于1985年9月使用R/V Hakuho Maru （KH 85 -4）进行研究。我们已经建立了用于定位海底水热系统的几种基本技术：一种用于检测温度异常的CTD方法，以及一种用于从水柱分布中绘制水热样本的方法。为了计算海上许多痕迹动物的简单测量的重要性，我们找到了比较方案光谱分析，并从1986年起改进和利用了它们。调查目标是针对冲绳Trough的海底水热活动。1986年7月，在Natsushima-84 Knoll in the Middle Okinawa Trough by the Submersible“SHINKAI 2000”（JAMSTEC）发现了热水水。闪烁的水样本被证明具有很高的甲烷和^3 He/^4 He价值观，水热起源的特征。1987年5月，KH 87 -2对R/V Hakuh的好奇 ... More Maru曾在冲绳Trough从事地质化学研究。一个经修订的CTD系统用于调查水热活动，一个用热流测量探针的活塞科器，以及一个转运器导航系统已被用于添加到常规设备。在1988年，该项目的最后一年，技术开发得如此之多，在巡航期间开发了所有的技术：R/VCchofu Maru （Magasaki Marine Observatory）、R/V Sonne （West Germany）、M/V Kaiko Maru No.5（DELP）、R/V Tansei Maru和“SHINKAI 2000”。大规模硫醚沉积物与热流体（>130 ° C）在Izena Cauldron发现，Natsushima-84 Knoll以南约20英里。Water column anomalies of CH_4， MN，TCO_2， ^3 He， ets。其他地区也是由相同的实验技术利用的调查：戈达山脊传播中心的Escanaba Trough、北斐济盆地的后弧火山性、Izu-Bonin地区的前弧火山性、Sagami Bay Clam殖民地和日本东部海的板边界等。

Hydrothermal activity of Loihi Seamount, Hawaii, was researched by using R/V Hakuho Maru (KH85-4) in September 1985. We established several basic techniques for locating submarine hydrothermal system: a CTD towing method for detecting temperature anomalies, and a method for mapping hydorthermal plumes from water column distributions of dissolved methane. Taking into account the importance of simultaneous measurements of many trace vetals in seawater, We purchased an ICP spectroscopy and have improved and utilized since then.From 1986, the survey target was focussed on the submarine hydrothermal activity in the Okinawa Trough. In July 1986, hydrothermal mounds (subsurface tempetature: 40゜C) issuing warm water were discovered at the Natsushima-84 Knoll in the middle Okinawa Trough by the submersible "SHINKAI 2000" (JAMSTEC). The shimmering water samples were proved to have high methane and ^3He/^4He values, characteristic of hydrothermal origin.In May 1987, the KH87-2 cruise of R/V Hakuh … More o Maru was dedicated to the geochemical studies in the Okinawa Trough. A revised CTD towing system for surveying hydrothermal activity, a piston corer with heat flow measuring probes, and a transponder navigating system were employed in addition to usual equipments.In 1988, the last year of the project, techiques so far developed were all concentrated on the Okinawa Trough surveys during the cruises: R/VCchofu Maru (Magasaki Marine Observatory) , R/V Sonne (West Germany) , M/V Kaiko Maru No.5 (DELP) , R/V Tansei Maru, and "SHINKAI 2000". Massive sulfide deposits with the emanation of hot fluids (>130゜C) were discovered at the Izena Cauldron, about 20 miles south of the Natsushima-84 Knoll. Water column anomalies of CH_4, MN, TCO_2, ^3He, ets. were also found there.The following areas were also surveyed by utilizing the same experimental techniques: Escanaba Trough in the Gorda Ridge spreading center, back-arc volcanism in the North Fiji Basin, fore-arc volcanism in the Izu-Bonin area, and plate boundaries in the Sagami Bay clam colony and in the eastern Japan Sea, etc. Less