Study on Effective Utilization of Hydrological Information in Management of Flood and Low Flow

水文信息在洪水和低流量管理中的有效利用研究

• 批准号: 60550367
• 负责人: KANDA Tohru
• 金额: $ 1.34万
• 依托单位: Kobe University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1985 至 1986
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60550367/
• 关键词: Runoff analysis; Concentration time; Rational formula; Velocity meter; Turbulent flow; Field observation; Reservoir operation; 情報

1. The concentration time of river basins subject to the unsteady rainfall was analytically derived from the kinematic wave theory, and the effect of variation of rainfall intensity in time on the concentration time and the peak discharge was quantitatively evaluated. Based on this theoretical consideration, the method to estimate the concentration time from observed hyetographs and hydrographs was proposed. As a result of applying this method to the observed data, the significant and unified relations of the concentration time to the rainfall intensity and to the topographical elements of the basin were definitely found out for such basins that the concentration time at the mountain slopes of is dominant over the total concentration time, while the one at the river channels is much short of the one at the slopes.2. The three-dimensional ultrasonic velocity meter was employed to measurement of the flows in a laboratory flume and in river channels. Analyses of the observed data yielded … More the hydraulic properties of flows, namely, the mean velocity, intensity of turbulence, Reynolds stress and energy spectrum in each direction, and revealed some differences between the properties for the laboratory flume and those for river channels. It has been confirmed that the ultrasonic velocity meter used in the present study operates stably during several hours of the field observation and therefore it has the practical usability to measurement of three-dimensional flows in the river channels.3. The procedures to evaluate the value of information on future inflows in operation of a reservoir for water utilizations were presented. Numerical simulations of reservoir operation showed that it is of most value to obtain the advanced information on the times when a drought period begins and ends, although the worth of these times sharply decreases as the errors in information increase. A method was also proposed to utilize such information on future streamflow sequences for real-time operation of a reservoir. Less

1.根据运动波理论，推导了非恒定降雨条件下流域汇流时间的解析表达式，定量评价了降雨强度随时间的变化对汇流时间和洪峰流量的影响。基于这一理论考虑，提出了利用实测雨线和过程线估算汇流时间的方法。应用该方法对实测资料进行处理，明确发现，对于山坡汇流时间占总汇流时间的优势，而河道汇流时间远小于山坡汇流时间的流域，汇流时间与降雨强度和流域地形要素之间存在显著的统一关系.利用三维超声波流速仪对实验室水槽和河道中的水流进行了测量。对观察到的数据进行分析， ...更多信息 分析了水流的平均流速、紊动强度、雷诺应力和各向能谱等水力学特性，揭示了实验室水槽与河道水流特性的差异。通过几个小时的现场观测，证实了本研究所用的超声波流速仪工作稳定，对河道三维水流的测量具有实用价值.提出了水库未来来水量信息在水资源利用中的价值评估方法。水库调度的数值模拟表明，它是最有价值的，以获得先进的信息时，干旱期开始和结束的时间，虽然这些时间的价值急剧下降，在信息的误差增加。还提出了一种方法，利用这些信息的未来径流序列的实时操作的水库。少

项目成果

KANKI, Kazuo: "A Study on the Water Works Originated in Edo Era in Takamatsu City" Papers of the 5th Research Meeting on the Civil Engineering History in Japan. No.5. 41-48 (1985)

KANKI、Kazuo：《高松市江户时代起源的水利工程研究》第五届日本土木工程史研究会论文。

神吉和夫: 建設工学研究所報告. 第28号. 175-197 (1986)

Kazuo Kamiyoshi：建筑工程研究所报告第 28. 175-197 (1986)。

神吉和夫: 日本土木史研究発表論文集. 第5回. 41-48 (1985)

Kazuo Kamiyoshi：日本树木历史研究报告集，第 5 版（1985 年）。

KANKI, Kazuo: "A Study on the Water Works Originated in Edo Era in Takamatsu City" Report of the Construction Engineering Research Institute Foundation. No.27. 165-179 (1985)

KANKI、Kazuo：《关于高松市江户时代起源的水利工程的研究》建筑工程研究所基金会的报告。

神吉和夫: 建設工学研究所報告. 第27号. 165-179 (1985)

Kazuo Kamiyoshi：建筑工程研究所报告第 27. 165-179 (1985)。