Study on Improvement Design for River Environment Considering Equilibrium between Hydraulics and Ecology in River

考虑河流水力学与生态平衡的河流环境改善设计研究

• 批准号: 09450188
• 负责人: KANDA Tohru
• 金额: $ 6.85万
• 依托单位: KOBE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09450188/
• 关键词: Currents; Flood Protection; Water Quality; Water Utilization; Ecology; River Environment; Improvement Design; River Engineering; River Enginnering

(T.KANDA) Turbulent flows in open channel trench are experimentally and numerically analyzed by using image velocimetry (PIV, PTV) and k- epsilon turbulence model. The flow structures, such as instantaneous and mean velocity, Reynolds stress in the trench section, are investigated. Then, the relationship between the large organized eddy motion at the main flow- trench boundary and hydraulic parameters are discussed.(K.NAKATSUJI) In order to understand the complicated structures of river environment, brainstorming and key words sampling are carried out. By using the KJ Method and Interpretive Structure Modeling, the hierarchy structure of 16 categories is clarified. Then, Analytic Hierarchy Process is applied to clarify the differences in the evaluation from the standpoint of government officers, residents and biological aspects.(K.MICHIOKU) Laboratory experiments in open channels where riffles and pools are alternatively arranged along a flume were made with respect to flow resistance, … More water surface profiles and velocity vectors. A drag force coefficient was experimentally formulated as a function of geometrical parameters of a riffle-pool arrangement in the model.(K.MURAOKA) Neya River Basin, the low plain of Osaka Prefecture, is one of the areas where the rapid urbanization has been advanced. This study firstly discusses the efficiency and availability of the main water facilities for flood control by the model rainfall, especially focusing on the time-depend characteristics of water storage and cut-off effect of peak flood discharge. Then the possibility of practical control concerning flood control and water reuse is studied.(K.KANDA) Experiments were carried out on damage of a rich-in-nature type of revetment caused by returning flow from high water course with the oblique angle theta. The discharge and velocity profiles for critical condition of removal of cover materials were measured under the different values of theta. Stability of revetment was also evaluated by measurement of the variations of revetment. Using Newton's second low of motion, a predictor of the maximum scour depth on the revetment was derived.(H.MIYAMOTO and M.HIGASHINO) A model for diffusional mass transfer of dissolved substance from bottom sediment to flowing water is formulated as a function of flow velocity and characteristics of the sediment such as water content of sediment and amount of dissolved substances contained in sediment. Laboratory experiments are carried out in order to verify the proposed model. Less

利用图像测速仪(PIV，PTV)和k-epsilon湍流模型，对明渠沟槽内的湍流流动进行了实验和数值分析。研究了沟槽段的流动结构，如瞬时速度、平均速度、雷诺应力等。然后，讨论了主流沟边界的大型有组织涡流运动与水力参数的关系。(K.NAKATSUJI)为了了解河流环境的复杂结构，进行了头脑风暴法和关键词采样。通过使用KJ方法和解释结构建模，明确了16个类别的层次结构。然后，应用层次分析法从政府官员、居民和生物的角度来澄清评价中的差异。(K.MICHIOKU)在明渠中进行了冲沟和水池交替布置的流动阻力的实验室试验，…更多的水面轮廓和速度矢量。在模型中，阻力系数作为冲刷池布置的几何参数的函数。(K.MURAOKA)大阪府低平原的内牙河流域是快速城市化推进的地区之一。本研究首先通过模型降雨对主要防洪水利工程的有效性和有效性进行了探讨，重点研究了水库蓄水的时变特性和洪峰流量的截流效应。在此基础上，研究了防洪和水回用在实际控制中的可能性。(K.KANDA)对某富自然类型的护岸进行了高水位回流斜角的破坏试验。测量了不同theta值下覆盖材料去除临界条件下的流量和速度分布。通过测量护坡的变化，对护坡的稳定性进行了评价。利用牛顿第二运动低点，推导出护岸最大冲刷深度的预报式(H.MIYAMOTO和M.HIGASHINO)建立了底泥向流水中溶解物质扩散传质的模型，该模型是流速和泥沙特性(如泥沙含水率和泥沙中溶解物量)的函数。为了验证所提出的模型，进行了实验室实验。较少

项目成果

村岡浩爾・村岡治道: "都市河川治水施設による流量・貯留量配分-将来の貯留水有効利用を目指して-" 環境システム研究論文集. 25. 83-94 (1997)

Koji Muraoka 和 Harumichi Muraoka：“城市河流防洪设施的流量和蓄水量分布 - 旨在未来有效利用蓄水 -”环境系统研究杂志 25. 83-94 (1997)。

道奥康治: "浅水部・深水部が交互に配置された開水路流の抵抗特性" 水工学論文集. 42. 955-960 (1998)

Yasuharu Michio：“浅水和深水交替断面明渠水流的阻力特性”水利工程学报 42. 955-960 (1998)。

Kohji Muraoka and Harumichi Muraoka: "Hydrological Cycle and Water Balance in Three Urban Model Areas" Proc.of the 11th Congress of the IAHR-APD (Int'l Assoc.for Hydraulic Research-Asia/Pacific Div.). 51-57 (1998)

Kohji Muraoka 和 Harumichi Muraoka：“三个城市模型区的水文循环和水平衡”IAHR-APD（国际水利研究协会亚太分会）第 11 届大会论文集。

村岡 浩爾: "都市河川治水施設による貯留水の有効利用-降雨特性を考慮した季節別利用方法の提案-" 環境システム研究. 26. 165-173 (1998)

Koji Muraoka：“城市河流防洪设施对储存水的有效利用 - 考虑降雨特征的季节性使用方法的建议 -”环境系统研究 26. 165-173 (1998)。

道奥康治・竹本修・廣田宗明: "浅水部・深水部が交互に配置された開水路流の抵抗特性" 水工学論文集. 42. 955-960 (1998)

Yasuji Michio、Osamu Takemoto 和 Muneaki Hirota：“浅水区和深水区交替的明渠流的阻力特性”水利工程学报 42. 955-960 (1998)。