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THE STUDY ON SPACE COMPOSITION ABOUT FOLK HOUSES & THE VILLAGE IN TONAKI ISLAND, OKINAWA

民居空间构成研究

基本信息

批准号：
60550427
负责人：
MU@SHA Eiji
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
HOSEI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60550427/
关键词：
Tonaki Island in Okinawa Folk House and Village Space constitution Two-separated-house (BUNTOGATO)Protected-wind woods and store fence (YASHIGAKOI)Folk sense of direction OMOTEZA ユイマール民家集落伝統沖縄民俗集落形態渡名喜島

项目摘要

It's generally said that the folk-house in Okinawa is two-separated-house style surrounded with the red tile (AKAGAWARA) roof, the stone frnce and the Fukugi woods (Fukugi is a local tree). But the results of our servey in Kume Island are various styles. We found some commonnesses in house build of all varieties which architectual expression bases on. Of course, the commonnesse in Kume and Tonaki where we had investigated since 1981 to 1987 don't apply for another islands dotted in 1200km wide from east and west. According to literatures, it seems that there is some commomnesses in principle of space constitution, but we think that some local characteristics appear cleary in form.<THE VILLAGE>The Tonaki where there is only one village offers a particular landscape because of, we thinks, severe environment. Generally, houses in japan (of course in Okinawa) stand on higher grounds than streets. Houses in Tonaki, however, stand on lower grounds than streets. By means of digging down the ground, people protect their houses from strong sea breezes and the typhoons. The reason permitted the particular condition is that the island covers with the thick sandy and well drained ground. The rate of the digged down house is 72% of all. The dippest house stands on 1.8m under.<THE FOLK HOUSE>The plot plan follows generally the typical rule in Okinawa area. In the typical rule there are OMOTEZA (the master space) and URAZA (the servant space). Most houses are surrounded by the stone fence or the Fukugi woods (such inclosure is called YASHIKIGAKOI) at all four dirctions. the rate of such house is 79%. The main houses face to the south (92%). The plan of many houses is NIBANZA (the four-room style, that is, two rooms of OMOTEZA and the other two of URAZA) with corridor. URAZA is so small that people use it to their bed room or their closet. The point of house planning in Tonaki is that the house has a regular form faced to the south and is cut off the corner at north-west.

一般认为，冲绳的民居是红瓦（赤河原）屋顶、石墙和福木林（福木是当地的树木）包围的两栋独立式房屋。但我们在久米岛的服务结果却是风格各异。我们发现了建筑表达所依据的各种房屋建筑的一些共性。当然，我们从1981年到1987年调查的久米岛和渡名喜岛的共性并不适用于其他东西宽达1200公里的岛屿。根据文献，在空间构成的原则上似乎存在一些共同点，但我们认为，一些地方特征在形式上表现得很明显。 <村庄>只有一个村庄的渡名喜提供了一种特殊的景观，因为我们认为，这是由于严酷的环境。一般来说，日本（当然是冲绳）的房屋都比街道高。然而，渡名城的房屋地势比街道低。人们通过挖掘地面来保护自己的房屋免受强烈海风和台风的侵袭。允许这种特殊条件的原因是岛上覆盖着厚厚的沙质和排水良好的地面。房屋被挖毁率为72%。最底层的房屋位于地下1.8m处。<THE FOLK HOUSE>地块规划大致遵循冲绳地区的典型规则。典型的规则有 OMOTEZA（主空间）和 URAZA（仆人空间）。大多数房屋的四个方向都被石栅栏或福木树林（这种围墙称为“YASHIKIGAKOI”）包围。此类房屋的利用率为79%。主要房屋朝南（92%）。许多房屋的规划是带有走廊的NIBANZA（四室式，即OMOTEZA的两个房间和URAZA的另外两个房间）。 URAZA 非常小，人们可以将它放在卧室或衣柜里。渡名城房屋规划的要点是，房屋的形状规则，朝南，西北角被切掉。