Fundamental Study on the Stirring of Liquid Iron and the Liquid-Liquid Mass Transfer in Gas Injection System.

通过水模型实验及其分析，获得了铁液搅拌和注气液液传质的基础知识.体系流动：在氮气搅拌下，观察到水-苯体系在水中的流动形态和液滴形成现象。证实了水中存在大循环流动，苯液滴中苯含量随气体流量的增加而增加.液-液传质：在不同的气体流量、苯水高度和反应器半径条件下，测定了苯乙酮从苯到水的转移速率。结果与两个经验方程在低气体流量和在高气体流量。在高气体流量下，由于苯液滴的形成，气体流量对体积系数的影响<k_LA>很大。利用低气速下的经验公式和水中液滴量及其平均直径的测量结果，估算了液滴形成的贡献。计算值<k_LA>与实测值吻合较好.系统中的湍流特性：由热线风速仪和FFT分析仪组成的湍流分析系统用于测量时均速度和湍流动能的分布。该系统还用于湍流功率谱分析。发现本系统中的湍流特性与各向同性湍流特性非常相似.流动模拟：0方程模型是最基本的湍流模型，用于估算局部气含率和流型的时均分布。

Model experiments by the use of water and its analysis were made in order to obtain fundamental knowledge on the stirring of liquid iron and the liquid-liquid mass transfer by gas injection.1. Flow in the system: Flow pattern in water and appearance of droplet formation were observed in the water-benzene system stirred by nitrogen. The existence of large recirculating flow in water and the increase in number of benzene of benzene droplets with gas-flow rate were confirmed.2. Liquid-liquid mass transfer: Transfer rate of acetophenone from benzene to water were measured under the various conditions of gas-flow rate, the height of benzene and water, and the radius of vessel. The results were correlated by two empirical equations-at low gas-flow rate and at high gas-flow rate. At high gas-flow rate, the effect of gas-flow rate on the volumetric coefficient, <k_LA> , was very large because of the benzene-droplet formation. Contribution of droplet formation was estimated by using the empirical equation at low gas-flow rate and the measured results of the amount of droplet in water and its average diameter. Calculated values of <k_LA> agreed well with observed ones.3. Characteristics of turbulence in the system: Turbulence-analysing system composed of a hot wire anemometer and a FFT analyser was used for the measurements of the distributions of time-averaged velocities and the turbulent kinematic energies. This system was also used for the analysis of power-spectrum of turbulence. It was found that the characteristics of turbulence in the present system was very similar to those of the isotropic turbulence.4. Simulation of flow: The 0-equation model which is the most fundamental model of turbulence was used for the estimation of the time-averaged distributions of local gas holdup and flow pattern.