The effect of the enviroment of oocyte (follicular fluid, cumulus cells ) on maturation and fertilizability of oocyte.

在人类体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)中，卵泡液1ml以下的小卵泡中的卵子大多是未成熟的。卵泡液的3个或3个以上的卵泡受精和卵裂相对较好。服用HMG的妇女普遍存在一过性高催乳素血症。在这项研究中，催乳素水平与血清雌激素水平有很好的相关性。血清催乳素水平高的妇女与低催乳素水平的妇女在受精率和卵裂率上无差异。催乳素水平较高的女性怀孕率甚至更高。因此，提示在体外受精-胚胎移植计划中出现的一过性高催乳素血症对卵母细胞和卵泡成熟没有影响。环状AMP对哺乳动物的卵母细胞成熟有抑制作用。在本研究中，cAMP还抑制兔卵丘包涵体培养卵母细胞的成熟。在兔卵巢灌流系统中，短期暴露于卵母细胞上的cAMP可促进卵母细胞恢复成熟；在灌流系统中添加氨基谷氨酰亚胺对兔卵母细胞生发泡破裂无影响，但显著抑制受精率。因此，颗粒细胞特别是卵丘细胞中的类固醇激素合成可能在卵母细胞的胞质成熟中起重要作用。

In human in vitro fertilization - embryo transfer(IVF-ET ), most of ova from small follicles under 1 ml of follicular fluid were suggested to be immature. Fertilization and cleavage of ova were relatively good from follicles of 3 or more of follicular fluid.Transient hyperprolactinemia was generally noted in women treated with hMG. In this study prolactin levels were well-correlated with serum estrogen levels. There were no differences in fertilization and cleavage rates of ova between women with higher serum prolactin levels and those with lower prolactin levels. There was even higher pregnancy rates in women with higher prolactin levels. It was, therefore, suggested that transient hyperprolactinemia seen in women at IVF-ET programs had no effect on oocyte nor follicle maturation.Cyclic AMP has inhibitory effect on oocyte maturation in mammalia. In this study, cAMP also inhibited maturation of cultured rabbit cumulusenclosed oocytes. Short term exposure of cAMP on oocyte in rabbit ovaryperfusion system even promoted the resumption of oocyte maturation.Addition of aminoglutethimide to perfusion system had no effect on germinal vesicle breakdown of rabbit ova, but significantly inhibited fertilization rates. Thus it was suggested that steroidogenesis in granulosa cells especially in cumulus cells might play an important role in cytoplasmic maturation of oocyte.