The effect of the enviroment of oocyte (follicular fluid, cumulus cells ) on maturation and fertilizability of oocyte.

在人体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）中，大多数来自1 ml卵泡液下的小卵泡的卵子被认为是不成熟的。3个或3个以上卵泡的卵泡受精和卵裂相对较好。短暂性高泌乳素血症在接受hMG治疗的妇女中普遍存在。在这项研究中，催乳素水平与血清雌激素水平密切相关。血清催乳素水平较高的妇女和血清催乳素水平较低的妇女在受精率和卵裂率方面没有差异。催乳素水平高的女性怀孕率更高。因此，这表明在IVF-ET项目中观察到的女性短暂性高催乳素血症对卵母细胞和卵泡成熟没有影响。环状AMP对哺乳动物卵母细胞成熟有抑制作用。在本研究中，cAMP还抑制了培养的兔卵母细胞的成熟。在兔卵巢灌注系统中，短期暴露于卵母细胞上的cAMP甚至促进了卵母细胞成熟的恢复。灌注系统中添加氨酰硫胺对兔卵胚泡破裂无影响，但显著抑制受精率。提示颗粒细胞特别是卵丘细胞的甾体形成可能在卵母细胞细胞质成熟过程中起重要作用。

In human in vitro fertilization - embryo transfer(IVF-ET ), most of ova from small follicles under 1 ml of follicular fluid were suggested to be immature. Fertilization and cleavage of ova were relatively good from follicles of 3 or more of follicular fluid.Transient hyperprolactinemia was generally noted in women treated with hMG. In this study prolactin levels were well-correlated with serum estrogen levels. There were no differences in fertilization and cleavage rates of ova between women with higher serum prolactin levels and those with lower prolactin levels. There was even higher pregnancy rates in women with higher prolactin levels. It was, therefore, suggested that transient hyperprolactinemia seen in women at IVF-ET programs had no effect on oocyte nor follicle maturation.Cyclic AMP has inhibitory effect on oocyte maturation in mammalia. In this study, cAMP also inhibited maturation of cultured rabbit cumulusenclosed oocytes. Short term exposure of cAMP on oocyte in rabbit ovaryperfusion system even promoted the resumption of oocyte maturation.Addition of aminoglutethimide to perfusion system had no effect on germinal vesicle breakdown of rabbit ova, but significantly inhibited fertilization rates. Thus it was suggested that steroidogenesis in granulosa cells especially in cumulus cells might play an important role in cytoplasmic maturation of oocyte.