A Study of Curriculum for Science Teachers' In-service Training -based on questionnaires of teachers' problems when undertaking observations, experiments and field work-

这项研究的主要目的是为教师教育编制一套在职培训课程。我们对小学、初中和高中教师的生物和化学实验室工作问卷进行了调查。提出了以下两个步骤。[步骤1]从两个方面进行考察：1)进行观察和实验的方式；2)教师在实验室实际应用中的问题。[步骤2]问卷中的16个项目都涉及生物和化学的实验室工作。从五个方面进行了考察：1)教师对实验室工作的自信心；2)教师承担实验室工作中存在的问题分析；3)教师对在职培训的需求；4)化学实验事故发生情况；5)实验室工作评价。总结性总结[生物领域]：在准备在职培训计划时，应考虑培养科学教师充分利用学校内外自然资源的能力。有必要通过观察和实验，使教师认识到如何获取不同的实验材料和控制实验条件。【化学领域】：1)了解化学试剂的性质以及如何在学校轻松制备化学试剂。与化学反应有关的一般概念，特别是反应物与生成物之间的定量关系。3)动力学的基本概念。4)激发学习者兴趣和探究精神的实验。5)如何安全地进行实验。如何用微机处理实验数据。

The main aim of this research was to develop a curriculum for in-servce training for teacher education. We examined the questionnaires given to elementary, lower and upper secondary school teachers in biology and chemistry laboratory work. Two steps were presented as follows. [Step 1] Two aspects were examined: 1)ways of undertaking observations and experiments,2)teachers'problems concerning practical laboratory application. [Step 2] All 16 items in the questionnaire, it concerned laboratory work in biology and chemistry. Five aspects were examined: 1)teachers'selfconfidence for laboratory work, 2)analysis of the teachers' problems in undertaking laboratory work, 3) the teachers' demand for in-service training, 4)accidents arising from chemical experiments, 5) evaluation of laboratory work.General summary[Biological field] : In preparing for in-service training programmes, consideration should be given to cultivating science teachers' abilities to make the most use of nature found in and around the schools. It is necessary to make teachers realize, through observation and experiments, how to secure different experimental materials and to control experimental conditions.[Chemical field]: 1) Understanding the properties of chemical reagents and how to prepare them easily in schools. 2) General concept relating to chemical reactions, especially the quantitative relation between reactants and products. 3)Basic concept of kinetics. 4) Experiments which motivate learners' interest and the spirit of inquiry. 5)How to conduct experiments safely. 6) How to deal with experimental data using a microcomputer.