DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEPARATION AND CONCENTRATION TECHNIQUE BY LIQUID MEMBRANE

在液体表面活性剂膜分离浓缩技术的研究中，1.合成了具有两个长链烷基的新型表面活性剂，它们在液膜过程中表现出优良的乳化性能。2.连续搅拌槽分离酸性溶液中的铬受停留时间及其分布的影响，并流分离效果较好。3.对逆流搅拌柱中的渗透过程进行了模型模拟，结果表明，对于伴有质子转移的体系，应控制pH值，并可估算出通过柱的浓度分布和进行工艺设计。4.建立了电破乳的速率方程，并成功地在多孔电极连续破乳装置上进行了破乳实验。优选使用直链烃作为溶剂，并提出了连续再生SLM的方法。2.提出了一种新型的流动液膜，并研制了螺旋式和板框式膜组件，取得了良好的效果。3.结果表明，SLM和LSM分离技术可应用于镓铟湿法冶金过程。该技术适用于稀土金属，特别是镧的分离，并为设计分离工艺提供了基础信息。2.作为液膜技术在生物过程中的一种应用，将其成功地应用于Z-APM的连续合成。3.介绍了（O/W/O）液膜对烃类渗透的强化作用，并提出了一种新的机械破乳技术--相转化法。

In development of the separation and concentration by liquid surfactant membrane (LSM), 1. new surfactants with two long chain alkyl radicals, which showed excellent emulsion behavior in liquid membrane processes, were synthesized. 2. Separation of Cr in acidic solution using continuous stirred tank is influenced by both retention time and its distribution, and is better for co-current flow. 3. A model simulation on permeation process in contercurrent stirred column suggests that pH should be controlled for the system accompanied with proton transfer, and estimation of the concentration profile through the column and process design are possible. 4. Rate equation for electrical demulsification was presented, and continuous demulsification apparatus with perforated electrode was operated satisfactorily.In development of the separation and concentration by supported liquid membrane (SLM), 1. a straight-chain hydrocarbon was preferred as a solvent and a method for continuous regeneration of SLMs was proposed. 2. A flowing liquid membrane was presented as a new type, and a spiral- and plate-and frame-type modules were developed which could obtain good results. 3. It was demonstrated that the separation techniques by SLM and LSM could be applied to the hydrometallurgical process of Ga.In.In application of the liquid membrane separation technique, 1. the technique was found to be applicable to the separation of rare earth metals, especially lanthanum, and a fundamental information was obtained to design the separation process. 2. As an application of the liquid membrane technique to the bio-process,it was satisfactorily applied to the continuous synthesis of Z-APM. 3. The enhancement of hydrocarbon permeation through (O/W/O) liquid membranes was represented, and a new mechanical demulsification technique was developed which was utilized phase inversion.