Studies on structure-activity relationship and intracellular signal transduction systems of neuropeptides

1. 对神经肽在中枢神经系统中的分布、功能机制及其与经典神经递质的相互作用进行了形态学和药理学研究。特别强调了大鼠海马中生长抑素和毒蕈碱乙酰胆碱受体之间的相互作用，以及纹状体中各种神经递质之间突触形成的电子显微镜研究证据（Kito）。2. 从结构同一性、构效关系和药理机制等方面对一种来自黄蜂毒液的肽毒素Mastoparan进行了研究（Nakajima）。3. 本文对金泽等人发现的神经分裂素A、B、内皮素等神经肽的生理功能进行了研究。4. Galanin和GLP-I是新发现的神经肽，研究了它们的分布、功能和构效关系（Yanaihara）。5. 脊髓背角初级传入神经元中含有的P物质和神经激肽A被证实对伤害性刺激产生缓慢的EPSP，从而在疼痛传导中发挥作用（Otsuka）。6. 利用GH_3细胞，验证了TRH受体的细胞表面定位和内化。此外，TRH受体和VIP受体在不同的第二信使系统水平上相互作用（Ogawa）。7. 目前，对kyotorphin的研究已发展到鉴定脑内特异性受体、细胞内信号转导系统和生物合成途径。CGRP对持续疼痛的参与也被发现（Sato）。8. 采用原位杂交技术，观察了P物质和脑啡肽在脊髓和后根神经节中的基因表达，并探讨了这些肽对伤害性刺激的功能意义。免疫组织化学广泛研究了各种神经肽的分布和共存（Tohyama）。9. 在正常大鼠身上分析了生长抑素和神经紧张素受体的分布和信号转导机制，并将这些研究扩展到惊厥模型动物（Saitoh）。10. 研究了血管作用神经肽在肝循环系统中的分布（免疫组织化学和肝脏疾病中这些肽的血清浓度异常被证实）。11. 对心房钠肽和脑钠肽的结构、分布和作用机制进行了比较研究（Matsuo）。少

1. Morphological and pharmacological investigations were done on the distribution and functional mechanisms of neuropeptides in the central nervous system, and their interactions with classical neurotransmitters. Particular emphasis was put on interactions between somatostatin and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the rat hippocampus, and electron microscopic studies on evidence of synaptic formations among vaious neurotransmitters in the striatum (Kito). 2. Mastoparan, a peptide toxin from wasp venom, was studied from viewpoints of structure identity, structure-activity relationship and pharmacological mechanism (Nakajima). 3. Neuropeptides such as neurokinin A, B and endothelin which were discovered by Kanazawa and his associates were studied on their physiological functions (Kanazawa). 4. Galanin and GLP-I, newly discovered neuropeptides, were investigated on distribution, function and structure-activity relationship (Yanaihara). 5. Substance P and neurokinin A which were contai … More ned in the primary afferent neurons in the spinal dorsal horn were confirmed to cause slow EPSP on nociceptive stimulations, thus playing a role on pain conductions (Otsuka). 6. Using GH_3 cells, cell surface localization and internalization of TRH receptors were verified. Besides, TRH receptors and VIP receptors were known to be interacted at the level of second messenger systems which were different each other (Ogawa). 7. Studies on kyotorphin have progressed up to identification of intracerebral specific receptor, the intracellular singnal transduction system and biosynthetic pathways. Participation of CGRP on persisting pain was also found out (Sato). 8. By means of in situ hybridization, gene expression of substance P and enkephalin in the spinal cord and posterior root ganglia was observed and functional significance of these peptides on nociceptive stimulations were discussed. Distribution and coexistence of various neuropeptides were immunohistochemically extensively studied (Tohyama). 9. Distributions and signal transduction mechanisms of somatostatin and neurothensin receptors were analysed on normal rats and these studies were extended to model animals of convulsion (Saitoh). 10. Distributions of vasoacting neuropeptides in the hepatic circulation system were studied (immunohistochemically and abnormalities of serum concentrations of these peptides were confirmed in hepatic disorders (Kamada). 11. Comparative studies on structure, distribution and functional mechanism between atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide were performed (Matsuo). Less