Work physiology on the changes of work loads with the mechanization in agriculture and forestry.

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Detrimental body posture are still common on many agricultural work situations, however, heavy muscle work is now of smaller significance. Over longer periods, body posture disorder and spinal damage may be the result. To find some measures to alleviate the work load upon the lower back due to harvesting strawberries, survey of time study of body postures, mobility of spine and medical examination, were performed. Upright sitting posture during selecting the order of strawberries was the most problemable performance from the view of ergonomics and muscular lower back pain was complained much more frequently in the strawberry farmers. On the other hand, the development of mechanization has contributed to the elimination of much heavy physical work in forestry. Nevertheless, some physical work is still obligatory, for instance cutting branches using hatchets. It is interesting findings that the values of sarcoplasmic enzymes (ALD, CPK) and urine cathecolamine (VMA-Noradrenaline) changed significantly during the working periods in forestry work.