UltraMAfic-hosted seafloor MassIve sulfide deposits: a mineral system approach (UMAMI)

在欧洲，通往低碳排放社会的道路大大增加了我们对矿物原料的需求，需要可靠和可持续的矿物资源供应。欧洲有着悠久的采矿传统，但传统的矿床很难被发现。非常规矿床似乎是确保转型所需矿产资源的有希望的目标。其中超镁铁质型火山岩块状硫化物（UM-VMS）矿床富集Au、Ag、Co、Cu、Ni和Zn。这些矿床以缓慢扩张的洋中脊（MOR）而闻名，它们通常沿着低角度滑脱断层形成。然而，目前在陆地上只发现了少数UM-VMS矿床。这种稀缺性部分是由于缺乏现代和连贯的遗传和勘探模式。最近的研究强调，UM-VMS矿床形成于比以前认为的更复杂的构造环境中，如海洋-大陆过渡（OCT）和超俯冲带（SSZ）。在这个项目中，我们计划在不同的构造环境中，如Troodos蛇绿岩（塞浦路斯，SSZ）和Outokumpu蛇绿岩（芬兰，变质OCT），使用综合多尺度矿物系统方法开发成因和勘探模型。对金属来源、流体路径、圈闭机制和矿石保存的具体关注，将有助于确定导致矿床形成的最重要参数，并最终有助于在陆地和海底发现新的矿床，例如在德国INDEX地区。此外，所调查的地区在欧洲境内，促进了对欧洲联盟矿物资源的描述。

The path to a low carbon emission society in Europe drastically increases our needs for mineral raw materials and requires a reliable and sustainable supply of mineral resources. Europe has a long tradition of mining, but classic ore deposits are harder to discover. Unconventional ore deposits appear as promising targets for securing mineral resources needed for the transition. Among these are ultramafic-hosted volcanogenic massive sulfide (UM-VMS) deposits, which are enriched in Au, Ag, Co, Cu, Ni and Zn. These deposits are well known from slow-spreading Mid-Ocean Ridges (MOR) where they generally form along low-angle detachment faults. At present, however, only a few UM-VMS deposits have been discovered on land. This scarcity is partly due to the lack of modern and coherent genetic and exploration models. Recent work highlights that UM-VMS deposits form in more complex tectonic settings than previously thought such as ocean-continent transitions (OCT) and supra-subduction zones (SSZ) in addition to MOR. In this project, we plan to develop genetic and exploration models using an integrated multi-scale mineral system approach in diverse tectonic settings such as the Troodos ophiolite (Cyprus, SSZ) and the Outokumpu ophiolite (Finland, metamorphosed OCT). Specific focus on the metal sources, fluid pathways, trapping mechanisms and ore preservation will allow to determine the paramount parameters leading to ore deposit formation and ultimately will help to discover new deposits on land and on the seafloor, such as in the German INDEX area. Furthermore, the investigated areas are within Europe, promoting characterization of the mineral resources in the European Union.