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Functions and Characteristics of Person Schema in the Processing of Interpersonal Information

人图式在人际信息处理中的作用和特点

基本信息

批准号：
62510063
负责人：
YAMAMOTO Mariko
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Teikyo University of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

When we perceive a person, it often occurs that he also observes us and try to make some judgement on us. In those face-to-face situation, our perception of others is usually effected by the reactions of our parther. Such kind of mutuality has been one of major interests in the field of Person Perception and Interpersonal Attraction, but it has not attracted yet big attention in Social Information Processing Approach. Present stury aimed to examine and how we process information when we meet the object person in in interpersonal situation from a view point of Information Processing Approach. For this purpose two experiments were made. The first experiment was to examine how we process interpersonal information when we expect to meet the object person in the face-to-face situation, comparing to the situations when we will not meet him and do not expect to be judged by him. Purpose of the second experiment was to examine and descride how we process interpersonal information when our parther shows either positive or negative reactions to us.The results of these two experiments show that expectation of meeting the object person as well as reactions of the object person greatly affects the processing of interpersonal information. And they give us a following assuption: there exists a possibility that negative reactions from a parther in an interactive situation may preclude us from processing forther information about that perther, that is to say, initially we from a judgement as to how our partner will react us. If he reacts positively, we contiune to process further information. When negative, however, the processing of information appears to halt.

当我们感知一个人时，经常会发生他也在观察我们并试图对我们做出一些判断的情况。在这种面对面的情况下，我们对他人的感知通常会受到对方反应的影响。这种相互作用一直是人与人之间的知觉和人际吸引领域的研究热点之一，但在社会信息处理方法中还没有引起足够的重视。本研究旨在从信息加工的角度来考察我们在人际情境中遇到目标人物时，我们是如何处理信息的。为此，进行了两个实验。第一个实验是考察当我们希望在面对面的情况下与目标人见面时，我们是如何处理人际信息的，与我们不会与他见面、也不希望被他评判的情况进行比较。第二个实验的目的是考察和描述当对方对我们表现出积极或消极反应时，我们是如何处理人际信息的。这两个实验的结果表明，与目标人见面的期望以及目标人的反应对人际信息的处理有很大影响。他们给了我们以下假设：存在这样一种可能性，即在互动的情况下，来自另一方的负面反应可能会阻止我们处理关于另一方的进一步信息，也就是说，最初我们不知道对方会如何反应。如果他的反应是积极的，我们会继续处理进一步的信息。然而，如果是否定的，信息的处理似乎就会停止。