The effect of symmeteic outcome dependency on interpersonal infommation proassing

对称结果依赖对人际信息处理的影响

• 批准号: 12610105
• 负责人: YAMAMOTO Mariko
• 金额: $ 2.43万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12610105/
• 关键词: interpersonal information processing; outcome dependency; seardning for intepersonal infomnation; positivity bias; coonputer experiment; evaluative feedback; comparison between Japan and USA; 情報収集行動; 日米の相違性; 対人関係に関するメタ期待; 双方向的結果依存性; 評価的結果依存性

We examined cultural differences of the interpersonal information processing when a perceiver and a target person are in symmetric outcome dependency situation. We conducted three experiments in Japan and USA. The results of the 1^<st> experiment showed that the positivity bias exists commonly in both countries in an asymmetric outcome dependency situation as expected. Then, we examined that the positivity bias also occurs in the symmetric outcome dependency situation in the second experiment. The results showed that different motives related to positivity bias, namely relation oriented motive occurred positivity bias in Japan ,and self-enhancement motive related to it in USA.Then, in the 3^<rd> .experiment, we attempt to investigate when in the symmetric evaluative outcome-dependency situation, after being clear of partner's evaluation for oneself what kind of differences exist between Japan and US in terms of information gathering behavior regarding the partner and reaction to the partner, and explain the reasons for the differences. The results indicate that in general both Japanese and Americans focus on how the partner think of them. However, examining the content the search indicates that US participants appear to hold a strong interest in the partner's impression of them whereas Japanese participants take more interest in whether they are accepted or rejected by the partner. Based on this finding, we assume that the tendency that is observed in the cultural self Le., Americans stress self-understanding and Japanese stress relationship with others, also exists in the interpersonal information process level as a meta-expectation for interpersonal relationship.

研究了对称结果依赖情境下感知者和目标者在人际信息加工中的文化差异。我们在日本和美国进行了三个实验。1^<st>实验结果表明，正如预期的那样，在非对称结果依赖情境下，两国普遍存在正性偏倚。然后，我们在第二个实验中检验了在对称结果依赖情况下也会出现积极偏差。结果表明，与正向偏倚相关的动机不同，即关系导向动机在日本发生正向偏倚，而与自我提升动机相关的动机在美国发生正向偏倚。然后，在3^<rd>中。实验，我们试图探究在对称的评价结果依赖情境下，在明确了同伴对自己的评价之后，日本和美国在关于同伴的信息收集行为和对同伴的反应方面存在怎样的差异，并解释差异的原因。研究结果表明，总体而言，日本人和美国人都关注伴侣对自己的看法。然而，研究搜索的内容表明，美国参与者似乎对伴侣对他们的印象非常感兴趣，而日本参与者更感兴趣的是他们是否被伴侣接受或拒绝。基于这一发现，我们假设在文化自我中观察到的趋势。美国人强调自我理解，日本人强调与他人的关系，也作为对人际关系的元期望存在于人际信息加工层面。