CAUSES OF PYTHIUM DISEASES OF ZOYSIA GREEN AND ITS CONTROL BY CHEMICALS

结缕草腐霉病害的成因及药剂防治

• 批准号: 62560045
• 负责人: TANI Toshikazu
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: Kagawa University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1987 至 1989
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62560045/
• 关键词: Zoysia japonica; Pythium-Spring Dead Spot; Fuzoroi-sho; Fusarium spp.; Pythium spp.; Benomyl; Metalaxyl; Physical properties of soil; Pythium graminicola; Pythium vanterpoolii; 土壌液相率; 土壌気相率; 土壌透水係数

Two diseases named Pythium-Spring Dead Spot and Fuzoroi-sho which occur on golf greens of manila grass(Zoysia matrella) during spring season in southern part of Japan. Pythium-Spring Dead Spot appears before or at the same time when grasses sprout whereas Fuzoroi-sho appears the patch just after sprout. Both diseases have been considered to be caused by certain physiological factors unfavorable to the initiation of growth under low temperature circumstance, because fungicides ever examined were not effective in controlling these diseases. In this study, however, we clearly demonstrated that both diseases are caused by fungal pathogens. Control of these diseases by chemicals was also successful. The results obtained are summarized as follows: (1) Pythium-Spring Dead Spot: Three kinds of Fusarium spp. were mainly isolated from grass tissues in late fall and Pythium spp. were isolated in middle spring. Two kinds of Fusarium spp. were highly pathogenic to the seedlings of Zoysia japonica. … More In the previous study, it was demonstrated that Pythium graminicola(Pg) and P.vanterpoolii(Pv) were pathogenic to seedlings of Zoysia japonica. Treatments of the green by the combination of benomyl at fall and metalaxyl hydroxyisoxazole mixture at spring were remarkably effective to protect turf surface from the damage. The influence of physical properties of soil on the occurrence of Pythium-Spring Dead spot was also investigated. As a result of discrimibant analysis by quantification scaling type 2, it was supposed that this disease was promoted to occur under the soil condition of the poor air and water permeability. (2) Fuzoroi-sho : P.graminicola(Pg), P.torulosum(Pt) and P.vanterpoolii(Pv) were mainly isolated from grass tissues and rhizosphere in the early spring. lnoculation test using seedlings of Zoysia japonica indicated that Pg and Pv were pathogenic under low temperature condition, while Pt had no pathogenicity. Treatments of the green by fungicides containing metalaxyl or hydroxyisoxazole-metalaxyl mixture in the early spring were remarkably effective to protect the turf surface from the damage. Less

在日本南部的马尼拉（Zoysia matrella）高尔夫果岭上，春季发生两种病害，即腐霉-春枯病（Pythium-Spring Dead Spot）和Fuzoroi-sho。腐霉泉死斑出现在草发芽之前或同时，而Fuzoroi-sho出现在草发芽之后。这两种病害被认为是由某些不利于低温环境下生长起始的生理因素引起的，因为所研究的杀菌剂对这两种病害都无效。然而，在这项研究中，我们清楚地证明了这两种疾病都是由真菌病原体引起的。用化学品控制这些疾病也是成功的。主要研究结果如下：（1）腐霉-泉死斑病：3种镰刀菌。主要分离自晚秋禾本科植物和腐霉属（Pythium spp.）在仲春被隔离两种镰刀菌属（Fusarium spp.）对结缕草幼苗具有高致病性。 ...更多信息 前期研究表明，禾生腐霉Pythium graminicola（Pg）和范氏腐霉P.vanterpoolii（Pv）对结缕草幼苗具有致病性。秋季用苯菌灵和春季用甲霜灵混剂处理绿色草坪，对保护草坪表面不受危害效果显著。研究了土壤物理性质对腐霉泉死斑病发生的影响。通过定量标度Ⅱ判别分析，认为该病害是在透气透水性差的土壤条件下发生的。(2)禾生毕赤酵母（Pg）、圆毕赤酵母（Pt）和范氏毕赤酵母（Pv）主要在早春从禾本科植物组织和根际中分离得到。对结缕草幼苗的接种试验表明，Pg和Pv在低温条件下具有致病性，而Pt不具有致病性。早春用含甲霜灵或甲霜灵-羟基异恶唑混剂的杀菌剂处理绿色草坪，对保护草坪表面免受危害效果显著。少

项目成果

谷利一: "コウライグリ-ンにおける不揃症(仮称)の病因と殺菌剤による防除" 芝草研究. 17. 39-48 (1988)

Toshikazu Tani：“Korai green 不规则病害（暂定名称）的病因学和使用杀菌剂的控制”Turfgrass Research 17. 39-48 (1988)。

谷利一: "コウライグリ-ンにおける不揃症(仮称)の病因と殺菌装による防除" 芝草研究. 17. 39-48 (1988)

Toshikazu Tani：“高丽绿不规则病害（暂定名）的病因学和消毒剂的控制”草坪草研究，17. 39-48（1988）。

増田拓朗: 芝草研究. 18. (1989)

增田卓郎：草坪研究 18。（1989）

増田拓朗: "ピシウム性春はげ症(仮称)の発生したコウライグリ-ンにおける土壌物理性" 芝草研究. 20. (1991)

Takuro Masuda：“发生腐霉秃头病（暂定名）的 Korai Green 的土壤物理特性”Turfgrass Research 20。（1991）。

Toshikazu, TANI, Hiroyuki, TANPO and Takehiko, YAMAGISHI: "The cause of Pythium-Spring Dead Spot of zoysia greens and its chemical control." Journal japanese society of turfgrass science, 20, 1991.

Toshikazu、TANI、Hiroyuki、TANPO 和 Takehiko, YAMAGISHI：“结缕草腐霉春季死斑的原因及其化学防治。”