Detection of antiglycolipid antibody in the sera from the patients with autoimmune diseases

1980年有神经系统疾病表现的患者血清中抗糖脂自身抗体（asialo GM_1）的发生率较高。同时，我们通过免疫絮凝试验证实存在抗亚洲血吸虫GM1的自身抗体。酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）和层析免疫染色法（TLC）等检测糖脂抗体的免疫学方法取得了很大进展。102例合并神经系统疾病的SLE患者中有60例和10例神经behqet病患者中有6例血清对asialo GM_1有抗体活性，但对asialo GM_2、GM_1和半乳糖脑苷无抗体活性。123例无神经系统疾病史的SLE患者中有7例和19例无神经系统疾病的Behqet患者中检测到抗asialo GM_1抗体。然而，其他自身免疫性疾病患者的血清，如RA（60例）和PSS（32例）或正常人的血清中未显示任何针对asialo GM_1的抗体活性。通过特异性ELISA或TLC免疫染色，抗亚洲金牛GM_1在IgM和IgG免疫球蛋白类中均有活性。单克隆抗亚洲雪草GM_1抗体是近年来建立的。我们正在尝试用抗糖脂的单克隆抗体检测糖脂抗原，如asialo GM_1。这些工作正在进一步的研究中。抗糖脂抗体的检测可用于临床诊断，这些自身抗体在自身免疫性疾病的神经系统表现的发病机制中起重要作用。

A high incidence of autoantibody against glycolipid (asialo GM_1) antibody was observed in the sera from patients with neurological manifestations in 1980. At that time, we showed the existence of autoantibody against asialo GM1 by immunofloculation test. It has been greatly progressed in immunological method such as Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Then-layer chromatography (TLC) immunostaining for the detection of antibodies to glycolipids. The sera from 60 out of 102 cases of SLE with neurological disorders and 6 out of 10 patients with neuro-Behqet's disease showed antibody activity against asialo GM_1 but not against the asialo GM_2, GM_1 and galactocerebroside. In 7 out of 123 cases SLE having a history without neurological manifestations and out of 19 Behqet's patients without neurological disorders, antiasialo GM_1 antibody could be detectable.However, sera from patients with other autoimmune diseases, such as RA (60 cases) and PSS (32 cases) or from normal subjects did not show any antibody activity against asialo GM_1. Antiasialo GM_1 activities presents in both IgM and IgG immunoglobulin classes by class specific ELISA or TLC immilnostaining. Monoclonal antiasialo GM_1 antibodies were constructed in recently. We are attempting to detect glycolipid-antigen such as asialo GM_1 using monoclonal antibodies against glycolipids. These works are in progress in further more studies. The detection of antiglycolipid antibody may be useful in clinical diagnosis and these autoantibodies plays a important role in the pathogenesis of neurological manifestations with autoimmune diseases.