Development on Neuronavigation System and Application for Neurosurgery

本研究的目的是通过将印刷信息反馈给外科医生来提高神经外科手术的准确性。期望将真实的印刷信息显示在三维计算机图形成像上。本研究旨在利用1985年至1986年开发的三维数字化仪改进神经导航系统。本研究的要点如下：第一，使用超声波（US）发生器和接收器检测地形信息的研究。第二，显示从电视摄像机输入的CT图像重建的三维脑图像。实验结果表明，超声探头在颅外应用时，对穴位的探测是非常困难的。然而，使用多普勒方法可以检测血管成分，并且该信息适用于手术。利用微型计算机对ct图像进行三维重建，最后从常规双平面血管造影图像中重建血管树的三维图像，并与序列CT图像中的三维脑图像相结合。改良后的神经导航系统已被用于深部脑肿瘤切除或脑内血肿清除的术前设计和/或导航，并被评价为非常有用的支持系统。

The goal of this research is to improve the accuracy of neurosurgery through feeding back the typographical information to surgeons. The real time typographical information was expected to display on a three-dimensional computer graphic imaging. This research was intended to ameliorate the neuronavigator system using three-dimensional digitizer developed from 1985 to 1986. The points of this study were as follows; first, investigation to detect topographical information using ultrasound (US) generator and receivers. Second, display of three-dimensional brain image reconstructed from CT images inputted from tv camera. The topographical information and the brain image was integrated.As results of trial, detection of points using us probe was very difficult, if it was applied extracranially. However, the detection of vascular component was possible using doppler method and the information was applicable in surgery. Three-dimensional reconstruction form ct images was successful using a minicomputer.Finally, three-dimensional images of vascular tree were reconstructed from conventional two-plane angiogram, and combined with three-dimensional brain image from serial CT images. The improved neuronavigator system has been used for preoperative design and/or navigation for removal of deep-seated brain tumor or evacuation of intracerebral hematoma, and evaluated as very useful supportive system for neurosurgeons.