A Study on Mullerian Differentiation Conducting Factors

胚胎体腔上皮及其间充质的苗勒管形成输卵管、子宫、子宫颈和阴道上段，苗勒管上皮分化为苗勒管型细胞，如纤毛细胞、子宫内膜细胞、粘液细胞和鳞状细胞。卵巢的表面上皮，另一种体腔上皮来源的组织，通常包括在卵巢基质中，并显示苗勒型分化，导致形成常见的卵巢上皮性肿瘤。然而，促进体腔上皮来源组织苗勒氏型分化的因素尚不清楚。对胎儿输卵管、子宫和宫颈发育的超微结构研究表明，到妊娠20周，输卵管中首先出现纤毛细胞，然后在子宫和宫颈中出现分泌细胞。随后，到妊娠40周，宫颈发生粘液分化。因此，缪勒肾上腺素 ...更多信息 在胎儿时期，在女性生殖道的各个部分，乳房具有各自的分化时间。对手术切除的标本进行的病理学研究表明，来源于体腔上皮的腹膜和卵巢表面上皮具有向苗勒型上皮细胞及其间质（子宫内膜间质细胞和平滑肌细胞）转化的潜力。这支持了体腔上皮来源组织的次级苗勒管系统的概念。对CA 125的研究表明，CA 125在胎儿女性生殖道发育过程中逐渐出现于苗勒管上皮。提示CA 125是与苗勒管上皮分化密切相关的抗原。兔卵巢表面上皮细胞的体外培养研究旨在通过在培养基中添加各种因子将这些细胞转化为苗勒型细胞，但未能进行培养细胞的苗勒分化。而雌二醇或浆液性卵巢癌囊液对培养细胞的生长有促进作用。目前，我们还没有发现卵巢表面上皮细胞中存在进行苗勒管分化的因子的直接证据，然而，CA 125被认为是与苗勒管分化密切相关的抗原。因此，包括CA 125的研究，进一步研究苗勒管分化。因此，包括CA 125的研究在内，有必要进一步研究苗勒管分化传导因子，为卵巢癌的治疗提供一条新的途径。少

The paired mullerian ducts derived from the fetal coelomic epithelium and its mesenchyme give rise to the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and upper vagina, and the mullerian epithelium differentiates into mullerian-type cells such as ciliated, endometrial, mucinous and squamous cells at respective parts. Surface epithelium of the ovary, another coelomic epithelium-derived tissue, is often included in the ovarian stroma and shows mullerian-type differentiation which results in the formation of common epithelial tumors of the ovary. Nevertheless, the factor which facilitates mullerian-type differentiation of coelomic epitheliumderived tissues is unknown. The ultrastructural studies of the development of the fetal fallopian tubes, uterus, and cervix revealed that ciliated cells first appear in the tubes by 20 weeks of gestation, and then secretory cells in the uterus and cervix. Afterward mucinous differentiation occurs in the cervix by 40 weeks of gestation. Therefore, the mullerian epi … More thelia have respective times of differentiation at respective parts of the female genital tract during the fetal period. Meticulous pathological studies on surgically removed specimens strongly suggested that the peritoneum and ovarian surface epithelium, both of which are derived from the coelomic epithelium, have potentiality to transform into cells of mullerian-type epithelia and their mesenchyme (endometrial stromal cells and smooth muscle cells). This supported the concept of secondary mullerian system of coelomic epithelium-derived tissues. The studies on CA125 revealed that CA125-positivity gradually occurs in the mullerian epithelium during the development of the fetal female genital tract. This suggests that CA125 is an antigen closely associated with the differentiation of mullerian epithelia. The culture study of rabbit ovarian surface epithelia in vitro, which was intended to transform these cells into mullerian-type cells under various factors added in the medium, failed to conduct mullerian differentiation of the culture cells. However, either estradiol or cystic fluid of serous ovarian carcinoma which was added in the medium has promoted the growth of the culture cells. Currently we have failed to find the direct evidence of the factor which conducts mullerian differentiation on the ovarian surface epithelium, however, CA125 is considered as an antigen closely related to the mullerian differentiation. Therefore including the studies on CA125 further studies on mullerian differentiation. Therefore including the studies on CA125 further studies on mullerian differentiation conducting factors which may give a way to the treatment of ovarian carcinom are necessary. Less