Taxonomical and ecological studies on tree rust fungi in frigid area

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We carried out morphological and ecological studies on rust fungi parasitic on trees, especially Pinus species distributed in frigid area. Many rust specimens were collected from the mountains of Japan and Canada and comparative morphology of these specimens were examined under a microscope and a scanning electron microscope. The rust fungus collected on Pinus pumila in Chubu District of Japan was identified as Cronartium ribicola. A new rust fungus on Pinus pumila was found at some mountains of Tohoku District in Japan. From field observations, the rust fungus appeared to be endocyclic species. Comparative morphology and cytology with Cronartium ribicola and Peridermium yamabense on Pinus pumila showed that the rust was a new species belonging to Endocronartium. We have named it Endocronartium sahoanum. The rust fungi on Pinus pumila and Pinus strobus collected in Hokkaido in Japan were identified as Peridermium yamabense and Cronartium ribicola, respectively.