Excess Electrons in Dielectric Media : Transport, Reactivity, Conducting State Energy and High Voltage Characteristics of the Medium

1.电子迁移率测量：（1）测量了正戊烷和新戊烷混合物中电子的霍耳迁移率μ_H随温度的变化。mu_H值随正戊烷浓度的增加而减小。然而，在此浓度范围内，无论温度如何，μ H与漂移迁移率μ H/μ D的比率都接近于1。观察结果明确表明，电子在该混合物中是准自由的，因此正戊烷在此浓度范围内仅作为散射中心，散射截面较大.用光电效应法测量了四甲基硅烷（TMS）、2，2，4-三甲基戊烷、2，2-二甲基丁烷和正戊烷（n-p）的导电态能量V_0：V_0值与压力的关系。这些液体的V_0值随着压力的增加而单调增加，这是密度增加的结果。这一趋势在性质上与维格纳-塞茨理论的预测一致。然而，理论与实验之间的一致性在定量上并不十分令人满意.电子反应速率：在加压下，测定了2，2-二甲基丁烷中电子与CO_2的吸附速率。在低于100 MPa的低压区，还测定了平衡常数K。根据K与压力的关系曲线，可以估算出Δ V高达-200立方厘米/摩尔。较高的压力促进附着反应。此外，在高于100 MPa的压力下，在n-p中观察到与苯和甲苯的连接，但在TMS中没有观察到。

1. Electron mobility measurements : (1) The Hall mobility mu_H of electrons in the mixture of n-pentane and neopentane was measured as a function of temperature upto 30% n-pentane by volume. mu_H value decreases with increasing n-pentane concentration. However, in this concentration range the ratio of mu_H to the drift mobility mu_H/mu_D was close to unity regardless of temperature. The observation definitely shows electrons are quasifree in this mixture, so that n-pentane in this concentration range merely acts as scattering center with a larger scattering cross section.2. Conducting state energy V_0 : V_0 values in liquid tetramethy lsilane (TMS), 2, 2, 4-trimethylpentane, 2, 2-dimethylbutane and n-pentane (n-p) were measured as a function of pressure by the photoelectric effect method. V_0 values in these liquids increase monotonically with pressure as the result of density increase. This trend qualitatively agrees with predictions made by the Wigner-Seitz theory. However, the agreement between theory and experiments was not quite satisfactory quantitatively.3. Electron reaction rate : Electron attachment rate to CO_2 was measured in liquid 2, 2-dimethylbutane under pressure. In the low pressure region below about 100MPa equilibrium constants K were also measured. From the plot of K vs. pressure DELTAV as large as -200 cm^3/mol was estimated. Higher pressure facilitates attachment reaction. Also attachment to benzene and toluene in n-p was observed above 100 MPa, but not in TMS.