Temporal Variability of Primary Primaty Production and Energy Flow in the Arctic Sea Ice Area.

“北极海冰区初级生产和能量流的时间变率（PREFLA计划）”的主要目标是阐明季节性海冰存在所特有的生物过程；初级生产及其沉积和分解过程的时间变化，浮游动物和微藻类的动态，以及与高营养水平的联系。该项目计划从1988年到1990年为期三年。在白令海北部和楚科奇海，那里存在一个生产性季节性海冰区，开展了一项跨学科海洋学研究（ISHTAR：内大陆架转移和再循环：NSF-DPP 84-05286），以澄清与沿阿纳德尔流进入楚科奇海的水运动有关的生物过程和通量。研究表明，在白令海架-阿纳德尔水域的白令海北部和楚科奇海两个区域，水柱的初级和次级生产力较高，底栖生物生物量也较高。但是，目前还没有对下游通量进行直接的时间序列观测，将地表初级产量与底栖生物产量联系起来。因此，PREFLA方案与ISHTAR方案合作，重点放在这两个领域。对Chirikov盆地向下颗粒通量的观测表明，总颗粒有机碳通量在253 ~ 654 mg/m^2/d范围内变化。相对较低的碳氮比（4.9 ~ 7.4）表明底栖生物群落有新鲜的有机质供应。平均有机碳通量（501mg/m^2/天）与估算的表层沉积物有机碳利用（464mg/m^2/天）相当，表明颗粒通量与Chirikov沉积中心底栖生物生物量之间存在密切对应关系。同时，在三年的5次航行中，共采集了77个浮游生物样本。这些样品揭示了与三种主要水团同时存在的三大浮游生物群落。

The principal objective of "Temporal variability of primary production and energy flow in the Arctic sea ice area (PREFLA program)" is to clarify the biological processes peculiar to the existence of seasonal sea ice ; temporal changes of primary production and its sedimentation and decomposition proses, dynamics of zooplankton and micronekton, and link to high trophic levels. The program is planned for three years from 1988-1990.In the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas, where exists one of the productive seasonal sea ice areas, and an interdisciplinary oceanographic study (ISHTAR : Inner Shelf Transfer and Recycling : NSF-DPP 84-05286) is carried out to clarify the biological processes and fluxes associated with water movements along the Anadyr Current into the Chukchi Sea. The study revealed that high primary and secondary productivities in the water column as well as high benthic biomass are found in two areas of the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas in the Bering Shelf-Anadyr Water. However, the direct time series observation on downward flux to link the surface primary production and the benthic production has not yet been made. Therefore, the PREFLA program was focused on the two areas in cooperation with the ISHTAR program.Observation of downward particle flux in the Chirikov Basin revealed that total particulate organic carbon flux varied within a range of 253 - 654 mg/m^2/day. Relatively low C/N ratios (4.9 - 7.4) indicated a fresh organic matter supply to the benthic communities. Mean organic carbon flux (501mg/m^2/day) is comparable to the estimated organic carbon utilization (464mg/m^2/day) at surface sediments suggesthing the close correspondence between the particulate flux and the benthic biomass of the Chirikov depocenter. Concurrently, a total of 77 plankton samples were collected from 5 cruises in three years. These samples revealed that three major plankton communities exist in concidence with the three prevailing water masses.