Biological Function of Lipid Sorting during Membrane Biogenesis

膜生物发生过程中脂质分选的生物学功能

• 批准号: 63304059
• 负责人: KAWAGUCHI Akihiko
• 金额: $ 8.77万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1988 至 1989
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63304059/
• 关键词: Lipid sorting; Membrane biogenesis; Phospholipids; Glycolipids; Desaturation; H^+-ATPase; Fatty acid binding protein; Lipid-transfer protein; リピドソーティング; 不飽和化酵素

Research results of each investigators are summarized as follows. (1) CO_2 concentration during growth of Chlorella vulgaris llh affected the lipid metaboftsm in chloroplasts (Kawaguchi). (2) Synechocystis PCC6803 mutants, which were defective in 6 and 12 desaturation of fatty acids, were isolated and the gene, which encodes the 12 desaturase, was isolated (Murata). (3) The structure gene, which encodes the catalytic subunit a of H^+-ATPase from vacuoler membranes of Sacchromyces cerevisiae, was isolated and the nucleotide sequence of this gene was determined (Anraku). (4) A 18-kDa protein, which was identified in peroxisomes, showed the activity of nonspecific lipid-tranfer protein (Kamiryo). (5) Two Chinese hamster ovary cell mutants altered the regulation of phosphatidylserine biosynthesis and defective in phosphatidylserine- biosynthesis were isolated and characterized (Akamatsu). (6) Subcellular distributions of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol synthases in Sacchromyces cerevisiae were analyzed (Shibuya). (7) PEM1 and PEM2 genes, which encode the methyliransferases, were characterized. The nucleotide sequences of the region which regulate the expression of these genes were determined (Yamashita). (8) Cellular expression of glycolipids after oncogene transfection was studied. Oncogene-type specific changes of gangliosides were observed in rat 3Yl cells (Nagai). (9) Fatty acid synthase and acyl-CoA synthetase were isolated from the guinear pig Harderian gland and properties of these enzymes were studied (Seyama). (10) Using hepatitis B virus surface antigene particle, the mechanism of assembly of membrane lipids (Inoue). (11) Several tissues contained their specific fatty acid binding proteins and these tissue-specific fatty acid proteins were characterized (Ono). (12) Amino acid sequences of four nonspecific lipid-transfer proteins from germinating castor bean were determined and these proteins were organ-specifically expressed (Yamada).

各研究人员的研究成果总结如下。(1)小球藻生长过程中CO_2浓度影响叶绿体(Kawaguchi)脂代谢。(2)从聚球藻PCC6803突变株中分离出6个和12个脂肪酸去饱和度缺陷的突变株，并分离到编码12个脂肪酸去饱和酶的基因(Murata)。(3)从酿酒酵母(Sacchromyces Cerevisiae)液泡膜中分离到编码H~(2+)-ATPase催化亚基a的结构基因，并测定了该基因的核苷酸序列(Anraku)。(4)在过氧化物酶体中发现一个18 kDa的蛋白，具有非特异性脂转移蛋白(Kamiryo)的活性。(5)从中国仓鼠卵巢细胞中分离到2个改变磷脂酰丝氨酸生物合成调控的突变株和2个磷脂酰丝氨酸生物合成缺陷突变株(Akamatsu)。(6)分析了磷脂酰丝氨酸和磷脂酰肌醇合成酶在酿酒酵母(涉谷)中的亚细胞分布。(7)对编码甲基转移酶的PEM1和PEM2基因进行了序列分析。确定了调控这些基因表达的区域的核苷酸序列(Yamashita)。(8)研究了癌基因转导后糖脂的细胞表达。在大鼠3YL细胞(Nagai)中观察到神经节苷脂的癌基因类型特异性变化。(9)从猪哈德氏腺中分离得到脂肪酸合成酶和酰辅酶A合成酶，并对其性质进行了研究(Seyama)。(10)利用乙肝病毒表面抗原粒，膜脂组装的机制(井上)。(11)几种组织含有其特有的脂肪酸结合蛋白，并对这些组织特有的脂肪酸蛋白进行了鉴定(ONO)。(12)测定了发芽蓖麻豆中四个非特异性脂转移蛋白的氨基酸序列，这些蛋白是器官特异表达的(Yamada)。

项目成果

Hikiji,T.,et al.: J.Biochem.104. 894-900 (1988)

Hikiji，T.，等人：J.Biochem.104。

Tsuzuki,M.,et al.: "Effects of CO_2 concentration during growth on fatty acid composition in microalgae." Plant Physiol.(in press). (1990)

Tsuzuki,M.,et al.：“生长过程中 CO_2 浓度对微藻脂肪酸组成的影响”。

Tan,H.,et al.: "A novel peroxisomal non specific lipid transfer protein from Candida tropicalis--Gene strucure,purification,and a possible role in β-oxidation" Eur.J.Biochem.(1990)

Tan, H., 等人：“来自热带假丝酵母的新型过氧化物酶体非特异性脂质转移蛋白 - 基因结构、纯化以及在 β-氧化中的可能作用”Eur.J.Biochem.(1990)

Yamada,M.at al.: "Isoform of non-specific lipid transfer protein from germinate castor bean seeds." Biological Role of Plant Lipids. 375-378 (1989)

Yamada,M.at al.：“来自发芽蓖麻子种子的非特异性脂质转移蛋白的亚型。”

山田晃弘: 化学と生物. 26. 470-476 (1988)

山田昭宏：化学与生物学。26. 470-476 (1988)