Neurosychological Studies of the Relation between Lesion Localization by MRI and the Disorders of Higher Brain Functions.

本文对11例单纯失读症患者的神经系统症状和体征与计算机体层摄影（CT）和磁共振成像（MRI）的关系进行了研究。结果表明，枕下皮质（舌回和梭状回）和左半球下丘脑白色物质的损伤是产生纯粹失读症的必要条件和充分条件。与传统观点相反，也有人认为，单纯失读症可能发生在胼胝体无损害的情况下。其中，重要的和最有趣的情况如下：1.患者左侧单侧失写汉字而不是假名：该患者被MRI诊断为胼胝体后部的病变，并建议汉字和假名不仅在半球内而且在半球间使用不同的神经通路。2.纯词聋1例：MRI诊断为左侧颞顶皮质下区病变，Wernicke区完整。从这个损害，它是建议，纯字聋发生的Wernicke区从听觉信息的左听觉辐射和胼胝体通路从右听觉皮层的相关断开隔离。

The relation between neurological signs and symptoms and computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was examined in 11 cases of pure alexia. The results revealed that lesions of the inferior occipital cortex (lingual and fusiform gyri) and the subjacent white matter of the left hemisphere were necessary and sufficient to produce pure alexia. And contrary to conventional view, it is suggested that pure alexia may occur without lesions of the corpus callosum.Also many patients with various neurological signs and symptoms were examined. Among them, the important and the most interest cases were as follows: 1.a patient with left unilateral agraphia for kanji but not for kana: This patient was diagnosed by MRI as having a lesion of the posterior body of the corpus callosum, and it is suggested that different neural pathways are used for kanji and kana not only intrahemispherically but also interhemispherically. 2.a case with pure word deafness: This patient was diagnosed by MRI as having a lesion of the subcortical area in left temporoparietal cortex with intact Wernicke's area. From this lesion, it is suggested that the pure word deafness occurred as the isolation of Wernicke's area from auditory information by the associated disconnection of the left auditory radiation and the callosal pathway from the right auditory cortex.