Formation and Ecology of Peatland in China

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

Informations of ancient environment in peat and heredity resources of vegetation are lost rapidly with development of the peatland.Conservations of the information and the resource are an important matter for the global vision.From this point of view, the field surveying were carried out on peatland of Sandaohu,Jingyu and Hani,Louhe in Jilin district, China.Investigations at Sarobetu and Kusiro peatland in Hokkaido are also pursued for comparison.Sandaohu and Hani peatlands are located at east of Changbaishan in Dongbei district,China.These peatlands had been formed on large basin,valleys and hollows in mountains.Process of the formation seems to be provided by geographical and meteorological conditions.Vegetation research of Larix olgensis were executed in Sandaohu peatland. Those results suggests that the growth of and the seedling establishment of Larix olgensis was determined by soil conditions rather than by light penetration through the forest.The thickness of peat layer is 60 to 80 cm in central part of Sandaohu peatland.Degree of decomposition of surface peat layer is H-4 by von Post method,and about 70 % by sieve analysis, while at lower layer it is H-7 and 80 % by each method.Specific gravity of the peat is 1.60 to 1.85 .Void ratio is 8.7 at substratum and 15 to 23 at surface layer,while coefficient of permiability is 10^<-1> to 10^<-3> cm/s.The change of ground-water level at Sandaohu peatland is little as there was no rainfall in the obsevation perid. And there is no indicate of water level change by evapotranspiration.At Sarobetu and Kusiro peatlands,the change of groundwater level and the relation between peat forming plant andthe physical properties of peat were examined. And properties of peat of China and Hokkaido were pursued for comparsion.