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A Comparative Study of Irrigation Systems in Japan and India ; Peasants' Joint Management or State Management?

日本和印度灌溉系统的比较研究；

基本信息

批准号：
01044126
负责人：
TADA Hirokazu
金额：
$ 3.84万
依托单位：
Daito Bunka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01044126/
关键词：
India Irrigation Water management administration Water utilization cooperative

项目摘要

In the final year of this project the field surveys were conducted with the assistance of the three Indian counterpart scholars about the irrigation practices at the lowest level in the command area of large irrigation systems. The first survey spot was in a village in Meerut district, Uttar Pradesh, which comes under the command of the Ganga Canal, one of the largest canal systems in India. Here the main focus was placed on the actual practices of water utilization prevalent among the farmers concerned under the osrabandi system of the Uttar Pradesh Irrigation Department. The second survey was conducted in the Ukai-Kakrapad Project area in Gujarat State, Western India. In this area the emphasis was laid on the activities of eight water utilization associations with the aim of exploring the degree and types of farmers' participation in the maintenance and control of an irrigation system and also in the water distribution among the member-farmers. The third case study was done in Maharashtra State with the same purpose as in the case of Gujarat. All the survey data have not been yet processed and at this stage of the progress of this project any definite statement about the merits and demerits of the present irrigation systems in India can not be made.One point can be pointed out as a great defect of the Indian irrigation system that is the separation of the functions of irrigation and agricultural production at the level of a state government. The irrigatin department's responsibillity ends at an outlet which takes off from a minor or distributary of a large canal system to provide water to the farmers in its command. To remedy this defect since 1974-75 the command area development program has been introduced as a centrally sponsored scheme with fifty percent subsidy from the central government.

在该项目的最后一年，在三位印度同行学者的协助下，对大型灌溉系统指挥区最低层的灌溉实践进行了实地调查。第一个调查地点位于北方邦密拉特县的一个村庄，该村庄隶属于印度最大的运河系统之一恒河运河。这里主要关注的是北方邦灌溉部门的 osrabandi 系统下相关农民普遍采用的用水实际做法。第二次调查在印度西部古吉拉特邦的 Ukai-Kakrapad 项目地区进行。该领域的重点是八个用水协会的活动，目的是探讨农民参与灌溉系统维护和控制以及成员农民之间水分配的程度和类型。第三个案例研究是在马哈拉施特拉邦进行的，其目的与古吉拉特邦的案例相同。所有调查数据尚未处理完毕，在该项目进展的现阶段，无法对印度现有灌溉系统的优缺点做出任何明确的陈述。有一点可以指出，印度灌溉系统的一大缺陷是邦政府一级灌溉与农业生产职能的分离。灌溉部门的责任终止于从大型运河系统的小支流或支流流出的出水口，向其管辖的农民提供水。为了弥补这一缺陷，自 1974-75 年以来，指挥区开发计划被作为中央资助计划引入，中央政府提供 50% 的补贴。