Geographical variation in reproductive traits of coral reef invertebrates.

珊瑚礁无脊椎动物生殖性状的地理变异。

• 批准号: 01045029
• 负责人: YAMAZATO Kiyoshi
• 金额: $ 3.84万
• 依托单位: University of the Ryukyus
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01045029/
• 关键词: Invertebrate reproduction; Geographical variation; Fertilization; Corals; Sea urchins; Speciation; Nematocysts; Coral community

The sexual reproduction of the coral Stylophora pistillata was studied in Okinawa. The coral released planulae synchronously one week after the full moon in April, May and June. The development of testes and ovaries began in January and in October, respectively. Planulae appeared in the coelenteron of polyps one month before being released. The planulae kept growing for one month in the coelenteron of the polyps. The reproductive pattern of Okinawan S. Distillate populations will be compared with that of Guam populations. (Yamazaio)The four species of Indo-Pacific Echinometra were classified tentatively as A, B, C and D (Uehara, 1991). The failure of cross-fertilization and the differences in the gamete morphology show that Okinawan and Hawaiian species D are distinct species. Degree of gamete incompatibility between Okinawan D and Okinawan B was different from that between Okinawan D and Guam B. This suggests that Okinawan B and Guam B are in the process of speciation at fertilization … More level. Significant differences in the morphology of Echinothrix calamaris were found between Guam and Okinawan populations. A new species belonging to the genus Echinothrix was found in Guam. (Uehara)The size and shape of a major type of nematocysts in tentacles were compared between two morphs of Galaxea fascicularis and between Stylophora pistillata and S. mordax. The results show that nematocyst morphology correlates with skeletal characters and that the two morphs of G. fascicularis and S. pistillata and S. mordax are, respectively, distinct species. (Hidaka)A marked decrease in fertilization rate of coral eggs was observed when terrigenous run-off was present. There was a 95% reduction in planulae formation for Acropora eggs in waters collected from the reef near the Sesoko Island Bridge. The water was found to have 28.5 % salinity with a lateritic soil content of 1.28 grams/liter. The factors affecting fertilization need to be examined to determine what is causing the reduction. (Richmond)Field survey of coral community/population structure, and field experiment for assessing the effect of consumers on biomass accumulation were carried out using cages at two depths (3 and 5 m deep) of three stations each in Guam and Okinawa. Significant difference was found both in coral community/population structure and in biomass accumulation among the stations. Correlations among the recorded parameters are now being analyzed. (Sakai and Birkeland) Less

研究了冲绳珊瑚Stylophora pistillata的有性生殖。在4、5、6月，珊瑚在满月后一周同步释放浮浪。睾丸和卵巢的发育分别于1月和10月开始。息肉释放前1个月，其肠腔内出现浮泡。浮游泡在息肉的腔肠腔中持续生长一个月。研究了冲绳海鲫的繁殖方式。蒸馏物种群将与关岛种群进行比较。（Yamazaio）印度-太平洋棘宫虫属的4个种被初步分类为A、B、C和D（Uehara，1991）。异花受精的失败和配子形态的差异表明冲绳种和夏威夷种D是不同的种。冲绳D和冲绳B之间的配子不亲和程度与冲绳D和关岛B之间的不同。这表明冲绳B和关岛B在受精时处于物种形成过程中 ...更多信息 水平关岛和冲绳人口之间的刺丝藻calamaris的形态存在显着差异。在关岛发现了一个属于棘发属的新种。比较了束状乳珊瑚两种变型之间以及雌蕊柱珊瑚与柱珊瑚之间触手中一种主要类型的泡囊的大小和形状。莫达克斯结果表明，G. fascicularis和S. pistillata和S. mordax分别是不同的物种。（日高）当陆源径流存在时，珊瑚卵的受精率显著降低。有一个95%的减少浮浪形成的鹿角珊瑚卵在沃茨收集从近濑子岛大桥的珊瑚礁。发现水具有28.5%的盐度，红土含量为1.28克/升。需要检查影响施肥的因素，以确定是什么导致了减少。（里士满）在关岛和冲绳各三个观测站的两个深度（3和5 m深）使用网箱进行了珊瑚群落/种群结构的实地调查和评估消费者对生物量积累影响的实地实验。各站的珊瑚群落/种群结构和生物量积累存在显著差异。目前正在分析记录参数之间的相关性。（Sakai and Birkeland）减

项目成果

Hidaka,M.: "Growth rate and surface structure of skeletons of the coral Galaxea fascicularis kept in darkness for various lengths of time." Proc.8th Int.Coral Reef Symp.(1992)

Hidaka,M.：“在黑暗中保存不同时间长度的束状珊瑚珊瑚骨骼的生长速度和表面结构。”

Glynn, P. W., R. Imai, K. Sakai, Y. Nakano and K. Yamazato: "Differential survival of Okinawan (Ryukyu Islands, Japan) reef corals to high sea temperature and UV radiation." (1992)

Glynn, P. W.、R. Imai、K. Sakai、Y. Nakano 和 K. Yamazato：“冲绳（日本琉球群岛）珊瑚礁在高海水温度和紫外线辐射下的生存差异。”

Uehara,T.,M.Shingaki,K.Taira,Y.Arakaki & H.Nakatomi: "Chromosome studies in eleven Okinawan species of sea urchins,with special reference to four species of IndoーPacific Echinometra." “Biology of Echinodermata",T.Yanagisawa.I.Yasumasu,C.Oguro,N.Suzuki and

Uehara, T.、M.Shingaki、K.Taira、Y.Arakaki 和 H.Nakatomi：“冲绳十一种海胆的染色体研究，特别是印度-太平洋棘皮动物的四种”。 、T.Yanagisawa、I.Yasumasu、C.Oguro、N.Suzuki 和

Arakaki,Y.& T.Uehara: "Physiological adaptations reproduction of four types of Echinometra mathaei(Blainville)" “Biology of Echinodermata",T.Yanagisawa,I.Yasumasu,C.Oguro,N.Suzuki and T.Motokawa(eds),A.A.Balkema,Netherlands. (1991)

Arakaki, Y. 和 T. Uehara：“四种 Echinometra mathaei（Blainville）的生理适应繁殖”“棘皮动物生物学”，T. Yanagisawa、I. Yasumasu、C. Oguro、N. Suzuki 和 T. Motokawa（编辑） ）），A.A.，荷兰（1991）

Yamazato,K.,M.Sai & M.Nakamura: "Comparative studies on the reproductive mode among three genera of corals belonging to the family Pocilloporidae living in different geographical areas." Zoological Science. 8. 1188 (1991)

山里,K.,M.Sai