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Inter-and Intra-Cohort Comparisons on Life Course Patterns in a Long-Lived Society

长寿社会生命历程模式的组间和组内比较

基本信息

批准号：
01301025
负责人：
MASAOKA Kanji
金额：
$ 3.78万
依托单位：
Waseda University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01301025/
关键词：
Life Course Generation Cohort Role Transition Timing Age Norm

项目摘要

This project carried out the two waves of field surveys in Fukushima city in 1989 and 1990. The sample of first wave survey numbered 879 male and female, who were born between 1914 and 1958, their ages expnanded between 74 and 30 years old. They were sampled randomly from residents' registers. They were asked for the items on their redidential, educational, occupational, familial career development, household, health, socioeconomic status history, as well as their attitudes and assessment for their lives from their birth up to the point of observation, basically using the structured questionaires. The second wave of field survey conducted in 1990 collected their life history data on subjective perceptions of individuals' life course were conducted to a part of the sample who had participated in the former year's research (120 male and female). In 1991, a research report "People Who Lived the Drastic Era of Showa : A Life Course Comparion among Five Successive Cohorts" came out.Findings … More :This project studied people's role gain and lost, role timing and sequencing, and role transitions in each particular phase (for exapmple, In the youth, early adulthood, adulthood, and later years after retirement) over the life span.Since much of the variability in life course patterns is socially structured, this project examined how people's lives depend on the particular roles they play, the situations they encounter, the others who become significant to them, and how these others in turn act, think, and feel.This research found out a body of findings about people's formation of their life course in a particular social and historical situation they encountered. A few of findings on inter-cohort difference and intra-cohort differentiation will be described.1. Great prevalence of the normatively sequencing pattern in transition from youth to early adulthood.As the cohort gets younger, there is an increasing tendency toward the normative life pattern (ordered sequence of transitional events --school completion of f=full-time job participation-getting married).2. Emergence of women's normative pattern and accelerating PrvalenceGreat change between the female cohorts is observed in the fact that in the young cohorts the rate of the normative transition pattern registered a sharp increase, rapidly approximation to the male pattern. 3. Counter-transition is significant in both early and later life transitions in particular.As individuals move because of aging from one role to another, their significant other undergo counterpart transitions, for example, desease or death of one's spouse, or a family crisis, such as parent's divorce or death in one's childhood, requires simultaneous transitions by all family members, with complex economic and social as well as psychological consequences foe the lives of the individuals. Less

该项目于1989年和1990年在福岛市进行了两波实地调查。第一波调查的样本为1914 ~ 1958年出生的879名男女，年龄在74 ~ 30岁之间。他们是从居民登记簿中随机抽取的。采用结构式问卷调查的方法，调查对象从出生到观察期间的家庭、教育、职业、家庭职业发展、家庭、健康、社会经济地位史以及对生活的态度和评价。1990年进行的第二波实地调查收集了他们的生活史数据，对前一年参与研究的部分样本（120名男性和女性）进行了个人生活历程的主观感知。1991年，发表了《昭和时代的人们：5个连续世代的生活历程比较》的研究报告。 ...更多信息这个项目研究了人们的角色获得和失去，角色时间和顺序，以及每个特定阶段的角色转换（例如，在青年，成年早期，成年和退休后的几年）。由于生命历程模式的大部分可变性是社会结构化的，这个项目研究了人们的生活如何取决于他们扮演的特定角色，他们遇到的情况，研究发现，人们在特定的社会历史情境中，如何形成自己的生命历程。本文将对队列间差异和队列内差异的一些发现进行描述。从青年到成年早期的过渡期普遍存在着规范的序列模式。随着年龄的增长，有一种向规范的生活模式（有序的过渡事件序列-完成学业f=全职工作参与-结婚）的趋势。妇女规范模式的出现和普及率的加快女性群体之间发生了巨大变化，在年轻群体中，规范过渡模式的比率急剧增加，迅速接近男性模式。3.反过渡在早期和晚期的生活过渡中尤其重要。当个体因衰老而从一个角色转变为另一个角色时，他们的另一半也会经历相应的过渡，例如，配偶的疾病或死亡，或者家庭危机，例如父母离婚或童年死亡，需要所有家庭成员同时过渡，对个人的生活造成复杂的经济、社会和心理后果。少