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THE HISTORY OF THE WARRING STATES IN THE LIGHT OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDS IN CHINA

从中国考古发现看战国史

基本信息

批准号：
63510200
负责人：
FUJITA Katsuhisa
金额：
$ 0.77万
依托单位：
EHIME UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

It is now possible to understand more clearly the history of the Warring States period in China thanks to two ancient records recovered by archaeological excavations not many years ago. The first of these is the manuscript, written on silk, of the Chan-kuo tsung-heng-cha shu, recovered at Ma-Wang-tui; the second is the Pien-nien-chi, recorded on bamboo slats originating in the ancient kingdom of Ch'in which were unearthed at Shui-hu-ti. The present study makes use of this new manuscript evidence to consider both the process by which the Shih-chi was compiled and its reliability as a source for the history of the Warring States.Examination indicates that the Pien-nien-chi, an account of the Warring States period in chronicle form, is best understood as a product of the Ch'in kingdom or, to be more exact, of Ch'in sources (here termed "the record of Ch'in"). A comparison of this work with the Shih-chi shows that the "Chan-kuo nien-pao" of the latter is substantially correct. One further conclusion is that the latter half of the "Chao-shih-chia" chapter in the Shih-chi preserves, in part, a "the record of Chao" that is quite independent of the Ch'in kingdom.As an independent source providing a check on the narrative of the Shih-chi, the Chan-kuo tsung-heng-cha shu has been utilized in the present study of elucidate the structure of the "Chan-kuo shih-chia" and "Chan-kuo lieh-chuan" materials in the Shih-chi. Analysis indicates that, broadly speaking, the source materials from which the Shih-chi was built up fell into two categories: one pyte, which has received the label "Chan-kuo chi-nien", concentrated on chronology, while the other provided a narrative of events and is described by the term "Chan-kuo ku-shih".The sort of textual examination undertaken in the present study should provide a basis for evaluating the characteristics of different regions in the China of the Warring States, a question to which scholars have as yet devoted comparatively little research.

不久前的考古发掘发现了两部古代文献，使人们对中国战国时期的历史有了更清楚的了解。第一件是马王堆出土的《战国纵横茶书》帛书;第二件是水湖地出土的《千年记》竹简。本研究利用这一新的手稿证据，考察《史记》的编纂过程及其作为战国史资料的可靠性。研究表明，《百年记》是一部以编年史形式记载战国时期的书，最好理解为秦国的产物，或者更确切地说，是秦国的产物。秦源（这里称为“秦记录”）。若与《史记》相比较，则《史记》的“战国年报”基本上是正确的。另一个结论是，《史记》中的“赵氏家”篇后半部分，部分地保存了一部独立于秦国的“赵记”，作为一部独立的史料，为《史记》的叙述提供了一个检验。本文以《战国纵横茶书》为基础，对《战国世家》、《战国列传》的结构进行了阐释。材料中的石志。根据分析，《史记》的资料来源大致可分为两类：有一个被称为“战国纪年”的派德，专注于年代学，另一种是叙述事件，称为“战国故事”。本文所作的考据，应能为评价战国时期中国各地区的特点提供依据，学者们对这个问题的研究相对较少。