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Neural Mechanism of Prey-catching Behavior in Anurans

无尾目动物捕食行为的神经机制

基本信息

批准号：
63540566
负责人：
SATOU Masahiko
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63540566/
关键词：
anuran prey-catching behavior neural mechanism of behavior optic tectum local motion detector reticular formation 回避行動視床舌下神経舌筋運動ニューロン

项目摘要

The optic tectum is a major visual center in lower vertebrates. It has been considered that in anurans visual informations, such as motion of prey-objects, are detected in the optic tectum, and 'motor-commands' for prey-catching behavior are sent out from there. On the other hand, we have shown that neuronal pathways from the optic tectum to the tongue-muscle motoneurons, which control the final phase of prey-catching behavior (the tongue-flipping movement), are composed of polysynaptic excitatory and inhibitory pathways (Satou et al. 1984, 1985).The present research aimed to (1) clarify how the prey-objects are detected by neurons in the optic tectum, and (2) identify interneurons intervened between the optic tectum and the tongue-muscle motoneurons. The results showed that (1) many neurons in the toad's optic tectum show a property of 'local motion detectors' which are activated selectively not by 'global motion', but by 'local motion' within the animal's visual field. It was proposed that these tectal 'local motion detectors' are involved in process of detection of prey-objects. (2) Furthermore, we showed that neurons in the re ticular formation, which receive inputs from the optic tectum and project to the hypoglossal and spinal motoneuron pools, are likely candidates for inhibitory interneurons mentioned above.Thus, neural processes underlying the toad's prey-catching behavior, from detection mechanism of prey-objects at the sensory-side to synaptic pathways towards motoneurons at the motor-side, are now being clarified.

视顶盖是低等脊椎动物的主要视觉中枢。人们一直认为，无脊椎动物的视觉信息，如猎物的运动，是在视觉顶盖中被检测到的，捕捉猎物行为的“运动命令”从那里发出。另一方面，我们已经证明，从视觉顶盖到舌肌运动神经元的神经通路，控制着捕食行为的最后阶段（舌翻转运动），是由多突触兴奋和抑制通路组成的（Satou et al. 1984,1985）。本研究旨在(1)阐明视觉顶盖神经元如何检测猎物，(2)识别介于视觉顶盖和舌肌运动神经元之间的中间神经元。结果表明：(1)蟾蜍视觉顶盖中的许多神经元表现出“局部运动检测器”的特性，它们被选择性地激活，而不是被动物视野中的“全局运动”激活，而是被“局部运动”激活。提出这些顶点“局部运动检测器”参与了对猎物目标的探测过程。(2)此外，我们还发现，接受来自视觉顶盖的输入并投射到舌下和脊髓运动神经元池的网状神经元可能是上述抑制性中间神经元的候选者。因此，蟾蜍捕食行为背后的神经过程，从感觉侧对猎物的探测机制到运动侧运动神经元的突触通路，现在都得到了澄清。