Study on Dynamical and Optical Properties of Non-spherical Submicron Particles

1)通过分散聚苯乙烯（PS）乳胶的混合物，得到由不同直径的PS颗粒组成的双联体。用差分迁移率分析仪（DNA）测定了双联态的动态迁移率直径（Dm）。Dm和比值a/b之间的关系（a和b分别是较大和较小的颗粒的直径）被检验和解释为关于电场的双偶态的方向。还试图通过加热和熔化重态来产生不同的非球形颗粒。2)测量了PS单线态和双线态散射光强的角依赖性。通过对观测强度和计算强度的比较表明，单重线的直径可以确定，精度为<正负>0.005 μ m。在各个角度上，双重态散射光的强度几乎是单重态散射光的两倍。这表明入射光是分散的。构成双粒子的每个粒子独立地产生更多的红色。3)尝试制备另外两个非球形粒子样品。其中之一是以纯溶胶的形式生成的三角形或六边形的精细金晶体。另一种是表面粘有颗粒的PS颗粒，它是由溶解无机盐的PS乳胶分散而成的。4)根据无机细晶尺寸的变化确定其脱水温度。发现温度明显低于块状晶体的温度，从而揭示了尺寸效应。5)研制了一种测量单个气溶胶颗粒体积的装置，因为体积被认为是衡量任何形状的颗粒大小的标准。在该装置中，粒子在与保持恒温的热膜传感器的碰撞中蒸发，并通过施加在传感器上的电压变化获得汽化热。该装置作为测量粒子热力学性质的仪器具有广泛的适用性。少

1) By dispersing a mixture of polystyrene (PS) latexes, doublets composed of different-diameter PS particles were obtained. The dynamic mobility diameters (Dm) of the doublets were determined by a differential mobility analyzer (DNA). The relation between Dm and the ratio a/b (a and b are the diameters of the larger and the smaller particles, respectively) was examined and interpreted in terms of the orientation of the doublets with respect to the electric field of DMA. It was also tried to produce particles of varying non-sphericity by heating and melting the doublets.2) Angular dependence of the scattered light intensity was measured for PS singlets and doublets. It was shown that the diameter of the singlets was determinable with precision of <plus-minus>0.005 mum by the comparison of the observed and calculated intensities. The intensities of light scattered by doublets were nearly twice as strong as those by singlets in every angle. This indicates that the incident light is scatte … More red independently by each particle constituting the doublet3) It was tried to prepare two additional samples of non-spherical particles. One of them was triangular or hexagonal fine gold crystals generated in a form of a hydrosol. The other one was PS particles with granules stuck on their surfaces, which were produced by dispersing PS latexes in which inorganic salts were dissolved.4) Dehydration temperature of inorganic fine crystals was determined on the basis of the change in their sizes. The temperature was found to be significantly lower than that for bulk crystals, thus revealing a size effect.5) A device was developed for measuring volume of individual aerosol particles, as the volume was considered to be a measure of size for particles of any shape. In this device, particles are evaporated in collision with a hot film sensor kept at constant temperature, and heat of vaporization is obtained from a change in voltage applied to the sensor. This device has wide applicability as an instrument for measuring a thermodynamical property of particles. Less