Studies on production of new stock (Matthiola incana R.Br) varieties with dark yellow-colored flowers.

深黄色花新品种（Matthiola incana R.Br）的生产研究。

• 批准号: 63560027
• 负责人: INAGAKI Noboru
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: Kobe University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1988 至 1989
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63560027/
• 关键词: Matthiola incana R.Br; Cheiranthus cheiri L.; yellow flower; protoplast; cell fusion; micropropagation; morphogenesis; in vitro fertilization; ウオ-ルフラワ-; ウォールフラワー; 黄色花の育成; プロトプラストの単離; 胚珠培養

The following experiments were carried out to produce new varieties of stock(Hatthiola incana R.Br) with dark yellow-colored flowers through crossing between stock and-wall flower(Cheiranthus cheiri L.), fertilized ovule cultuie, in vitro fertilization, and protoplast fusion.The micropropagation was also applied to obtain a number of the stock plants which were useful for commercial markets.1.Crossing between stock and wall flower: The characters and flowering earliness of most of the plants, which were obtained from crossing between the above two plants, were similar to those of the female parents in crossing. The flower color(white) of the plants, obtained through the cross M.ineana cv.'Shiho'x C.cheiri cv.'Aliony orange' was different from that (violet) of the female parent, as well as that (pale yellow) of M.incana cv.'Sosetsu' C.cheiri cy.'all double' was different from that(white) of the female parent.2.Protoplast isolation and culture from stock callus: The yield of protoplast f … More rom stock callus under the light condition was higher than that under the dark condition. However, prtoplasts from stock callus under dark condition continued to divide and grew into colonies, and calluses on the MS modified medium with 0.3 mg/l BA after 3 months of incubation.3.Electrofusion of Protoplasts: The optimal conditions for the formation of pearl chains of protoplasts and the fusin of protoplasts were as follows respectively : a protoplast density of 105 /ml and a high frequency electric field of 150 v/cm under a alternative frequency of 1 MHz for 20 sec., and a pulse field strength of 1.5 Kv/ cm and a pulse width of 70 mu s.4.Micropropagation of stock with double flowers through tissue culture :Leaf and hypocotyl sections and hypocotyl-derived calluses could be applied as prominent explants for in vitro shoot formation when cultured on 1/2MS modified medium supplemented with BA or zeatin (i mg/1), and L-glutamate (30 mm) in compensation for NH_4NO_3 and kNO_3 as a nitrogen source. Less

通过砧木与壁花(Cheiranthus cheiri L.)杂交、受精胚珠培养、体外受精、原生质体融合等方法，培育出深黄色花朵的砧木(Hatthiola incana R.Br)新品种，并采用微繁殖技术，获得了一批可用于商业市场的砧木。 1.砧木与壁花杂交： 上述两种植物杂交获得的大多数植株的性状和开花早熟性与杂交母本相似。 M.ineana cv.'Shiho'x C.cheiri cv.'Aliony Orange'杂交获得的植株花色（白色）与母本的花色（紫色）不同，M.incana cv.'Sosetsu' C.cheiri cy.'all double'的花色（淡黄色）也与母本的花色（白色）不同。 2.母本愈伤组织原生质体分离培养： 光照条件下的原生质体愈伤组织含量高于黑暗条件下的原生质体愈伤组织。而在黑暗条件下，原种愈伤组织的原生质体在黑暗条件下继续分裂并生长成菌落，并在含有0.3 mg/l BA的MS改良培养基上培养3个月后出现愈伤组织。 3.原生质体电融合：原生质体珍珠链形成和原生质体融合的最佳条件分别为：原生质体密度105个/ml和 高频电场150V/cm，交替频率1MHz，持续20秒，脉冲场强1.5Kv/cm，脉冲宽度70μs。4.通过组织培养实现双花砧木的微繁殖：叶和下胚轴切片以及下胚轴衍生的愈伤组织在1/2MS改良培养基上培养时可作为突出的外植体，用于体外芽形成。 BA或玉米素(i mg/1)和L-谷氨酸(30 mm)作为氮源补偿NH_4NO_3和kNO_3。较少的