Quality and quantity estimation of solor ultraviolet radiation on development of horticultural plants under the unfavorable environmental conditions.

不利环境条件下太阳紫外线辐射对园艺植物发育的质量和数量评估。

• 批准号: 05660031
• 负责人: INAGAKI Noboru
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: KOBE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05660031/
• 关键词: Ultraviolet; UV-B; light environment; photosynthesis; environmental stress; Vegetables

For breeding of vegetables tolerant to unfavorable environmental conditions, and its practical application under undesired cultural conditions, we tried to estimate the effect of ultraviolet on the development of vegetables (turnip and lettuce) under the solar radiation and artificial irradiation.1. Seasonal variation of solar ultraviolet-B : The variation of ultraviolet-B per day paralleled strongly that of photosynthetic active solar radiation (photosynthetic photo flux density : PPFD) , especially under fine weather. The ultraviolet-B radiation under the cloudy weather amounted to 30-35% of that under fine weather. The ultraviolet-B radiation between june and july amounted to 2-3 times of that between november and december.2. Effect of elimination of ultraviolet below 400 nm were investigated on the development of turnip (Brrasica campestris L.). Pants under the vinyl film eliminating ultraviolet below 400 nm were superior in plant length and leaf stalk to those under the vinyl film … More transmitting ultraviolet in the experiment between late spring and early summer.3. The supplemented UV-B to turnip plants induced bronzed leaves and dwarfed plants, and suppressed strongly the development of plants. Photosynthetic rate per unit leaf area under the supplemented UV-B was not significantly different from that under the control (UVT).4. Using lettuce (cv.Okayama sarada) , we investigated the effect of UV-B on development and photosynthetic activity. Nineteen day old seedlings were irradiated with UV-B which changed in irradiance and the time of irradiation under the artificial light (10000 Lux 16hr-daylength) for I week. Effect of UV-B was strongly observed on the expanded leaves, and increased with the age of leaves. Irradiated young leaves with UV-B became thcik, slender and dark green, curled inside, and stood up. The UV-B irradiated during dark period surpressed the development much stronger than that during light period. Maximum photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll, and anthocyanine per unit leaf area were increased by UV-B when compared. Less

为了培育耐不利环境条件的蔬菜品种，以及在不利栽培条件下的实际应用，本研究尝试在太阳辐射和人工辐射条件下，研究紫外线对蔬菜（萝卜和莴苣）生长发育的影响.太阳紫外线-B的季节变化：紫外线-B的日变化强烈地影响着光合有效辐射（光合光通量密度：PPFD）的日变化，特别是在晴朗的天气下。多云天气下的紫外线-B辐射量为晴天的30-35%。6 - 7月的紫外线B辐射量是11 - 12月的2-3倍。研究了消除400 nm以下紫外线对芜菁生长发育的影响。乙烯膜下的植株在株长和叶柄上的生长均优于乙烯膜下的植株，但乙烯膜下的植株在400 nm以下的紫外线下的生长表现为上级 ...更多信息 在春末夏初的实验中，对紫外线进行了透射. UV-B辐射对芜菁植株的生长发育有明显的抑制作用，诱导芜菁叶片出现古铜色，植株矮化。UV-B辐射下单位叶面积的光合速率与对照（UVT）无显著差异.以生菜（冈山sarada）为材料，研究了UV-B辐射对生菜生长发育和光合活性的影响。用UV-B辐射19日龄的幼苗，在人工光（10000 Lux，16小时-日长）下改变辐照强度和辐照时间，持续1周。UV-B辐射对展开叶片的影响较强，且随叶龄的增加而增强。UV-B辐射的幼叶变粗、变细、变黑、变绿色、卷曲、直立。暗期UV-B辐射对黄瓜幼苗生长的抑制作用明显强于光期。与对照相比，UV-B处理的最大光合速率、叶绿素和单位叶面积的光合速率均有所增加。少