The exploration of the Venus and Jupiter atmospheres by radio occultations: Extending our understanding of the planetary atmospheres beyond Fresnel scale resolution and spherical symmetry

通过射电掩星探索金星和木星大气层：将我们对行星大气层的理解扩展到菲涅尔尺度分辨率和球对称性之外

• 批准号: 523363587
• 负责人: Privatdozent Dr. Martin Pätzold
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Graduate School of Frontier Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/523363587?language=en
• 关键词: exploration; Venus; Jupiter; atmospheres; radio

Current and future spacecraft missions will soon provide new opportunities for the scientific exploration of the atmospheres of Jupiter and Venus. The orbit of the extended Juno mission (2023-2025) eventually provides opportunities for Jupiter radio occultations. JUICE (launch planned for 2023) will explore Jupiter, its ring system, and the Galilean moons by radio science, while the new decade of Venus exploration will begin with two NASA missions (VERITAS: launch ~2028, DAVINCI, launch ~2029) and the ESA EnVision (launch ~2031) spacecraft. The Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung (RIU) is in leading position for the radio occultation part of both the EnVision mission at Venus and the JUICE mission at Jupiter. Crucial for the success of the atmospheric radio sounding are reliable prediction and data processing tools, but most important, a sound observation database from previous missions. The objectives of this proposal are: 1.) A 2D/3D forward raytracing software package shall be developed for the prediction and simulation of radio occultations in the non-spherical symmetric atmospheres of Venus and Jupiter. The raytracing software shall be used to analyze the effect of the Venus terminator on the Venus Express VeRa radio occultation data set (~1,000 observations), where atmospheric conditions change over short spatial scales and deviate from the local spherical symmetry assumed during data processing at RIU. The raytracing results shall be integrated in the Venus Express VeRa radio occultation data set and will lead to improved observations at the Venus terminator. The raytracing software shall also be used to study how the oblate Jovian atmosphere and the highly variable ionosphere affect radio occultation observations at Jupiter based on Galileo and the potential future Juno radio occultations. 2.) An upgrade of the currently used radio science data processing method at RIU shall be applied to increase the vertical resolution of the Venus Express VeRa atmospheric profiles to sub-Fresnel scales and remove the bias of multipath propagation effects from the data set. Multipath propagation effects occur also in the Jovian atmosphere and shall also be investigated and removed from the ionospheric Galileo radio science observations and the potential Juno occultations for Jupiter. 3.): The interpretation of the new information about sub-Fresnel scale atmospheric features and the effect of non-spherical symmetric atmospheres on radio occultations shall provide improved knowledge about atmospheric processes, a sound data base for the prediction of future radio science observation, they shall support atmospheric modeling efforts and advance the preparation for the EnVision mission to Venus and the JUICE mission to Jupiter.

目前和未来的航天器任务将很快为科学探索木星和金星的大气层提供新的机会。扩展的朱诺使命（2023-2025）的轨道最终为木星无线电掩星提供了机会。JUICE（计划于2023年发射）将通过无线电科学探索木星，其环系统和伽利略卫星，而金星探索的新十年将从两个NASA任务（VERITAS：发射~2028，DAVINCI，发射~2029）和ESA EnVision（发射~2031）航天器开始。Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung（RIU）在金星EnVision使命和木星JUICE使命的无线电掩星部分处于领先地位。大气无线电探测成功的关键是可靠的预测和数据处理工具，但最重要的是，从以前的任务健全的观测数据库。本提案的目标是：1.）应开发一个二维/三维前向射线追踪软件包，用于预测和模拟金星和木星非球形对称大气中的无线电掩星。射线追踪软件应用于分析金星明暗对金星快车VeRa无线电掩星数据集（约1，000个观测值）的影响，其中大气条件在短空间尺度上发生变化，并偏离RIU数据处理期间假设的局部球对称性。射线追踪结果应纳入金星快车VeRa无线电掩星数据集，并将导致改善对金星终端的观测。射线追踪软件还将用于研究扁圆木星大气层和高度可变的电离层如何影响基于伽利略和未来可能的朱诺无线电掩星的木星无线电掩星观测。2.）的情况。将对RIU目前使用的无线电科学数据处理方法进行升级，以将Venus Express VeRa大气剖面的垂直分辨率提高到亚菲涅耳尺度，并从数据集中消除多径传播效应的偏差。多路径传播效应也发生在木星大气层中，也将进行调查，并从电离层伽利略无线电科学观测和木星的潜在朱诺掩星中消除。3.）：对亚菲涅耳尺度大气特征和非球形对称大气对无线电掩星的影响的新信息的解释将提供关于大气过程的更好的知识，为预测未来的无线电科学观测提供可靠的数据基础，它们将支持大气建模工作，并推进对金星的EnVision使命和对木星的JUICE使命的准备工作。