Application of Noncrystalline Aluminosilicates and its Effect for Soil Amelioration

非晶硅铝酸盐的应用及其土壤改良效果

• 批准号: 01560077
• 负责人: WADA Koji
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: Kyushu University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1990
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01560077/
• 关键词: Soil conditioner; Noncrystalline aluminosilicate; Imogolite; Allophane; Smectite; Clay flocculation; Hydroxy-aluminum; Heavy soil; アロフェン

Flocculation experiments for a smectitic soil clay showed that synthetic imogolite・allophane is superior as a flocculating agent to that separated from a Kuroboku-do B horizon. Noncrystalline Hydroxy-Aluminosilicate Polymer (HASP), allophane and imogolite with Si/Al molar ratio *0.5 were then synthesized and tested for flocculation with smectitic and kaolinitic soil clays in comparison with Hydroxy-Aluminum Polymer (HAP), AlCl_3 and CaSO_4. The flocculating agents containing Al and CaSO_4 were added at the rate of 20 mumol Al and 220 mumol Ca/100 mg clay, and the reacted clay was repeatedly washed with water till dispersion. The flocculating effect evaluated based on the electric conductivity of the equilibrium solution in which the clay started dispersion was the same for the two soil clays and increased in the order CaSO_4<AlCl_3<HASP, HASP<imogolite. Allophane showed no flocculating effect. Based on the differences in the content of exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na) between the untreated and treated clays, it was estimated that parts of cation-exchange sites of the soil clays, i. e. about 20 and 10 % in the smectitic clay and 50 and 30 % in the kaolinitic clay, reacted with the positive charge carried by HAP and imogolite, respectively. No difference was found between imogolite and allophane in this respect. The followings were concluded : 1) Unlike monomer Al^<3+> and Ca^<2+>, polymer cations HAP, HASP and imogolite can flocculate smectitic and kaolinitic clays even in the solution with a very low electrolyte concentration (<10^<-3> M as NaCl), 2) the size and shape of the polymer cation as well as its positive charge play an important role in this flocculation, and 3) because the amount of the polymer required to flocculate the clay was about 1-2 % of the clay weight, the polymer cations can be used for amelioration of heavy clayey soils.

对蒙皂石土粘土的絮凝实验表明，合成的伊毛沸石·水铝英石作为絮凝剂上级从黑北岛B层中分离的伊毛沸石·水铝英石。然后合成了硅铝比为0.5的非晶羟基硅铝聚合物（HASP）、水铝英石和伊毛沸石，并与羟基硅铝聚合物（HAP）、AlCl_3和CaSO_4进行了絮凝试验。以20 μ mol Al和220 μ mol Ca/100 mg粘土的比例加入含Al和CaSO_4的交联剂，并用水反复洗涤反应后的粘土直至分散。根据粘土开始分散的平衡溶液的电导率来评价两种土壤粘土的分散效果是相同的，并且按CaSO_4<AlCl_3<HASP，HASP<伊毛戈兰的顺序增加。水铝英石无明显的抗氧化作用。根据处理前后土壤粘粒中交换性阳离子（Ca、Mg、K、Na）含量的差异，估算了土壤粘粒中部分阳离子交换位，即阳离子交换位的变化。e.蒙脱石粘土中约20和10%以及高岭石粘土中约50和30%分别与HAP和伊毛戈兰所携带的正电荷反应。在这方面，伊毛橄榄石和水铝英石之间没有发现差异。结果表明：1）与单体Al^3+和Ca^2+不同，聚合物阳离子HAP、HASP和Imogolite即使在很低的电解质浓度（&lt;10 μ M，以NaCl计）下也能絮凝蒙脱石和高岭石粘土; 2）聚合物阳离子的大小、形状及其所带的正电荷在这种絮凝中起重要作用<-3>，和3）由于絮凝粘土所需的聚合物的量为粘土重量的约1- 2%，因此聚合物阳离子可用于改良重质粘土土壤。

项目成果

Wada,K.,Kakuto,Y.and Wada,S.ーI.: "Flocculation of smectitic and kaolinitic soil clays with synthetic hydroxyaluminosilicate polymers." Clays and Clay Minerals. 39. (1991)

Wada, K.、Kakuto, Y. 和 Wada, S.-I.：“合成羟基铝硅酸盐聚合物对蒙脱石和高岭土粘土的絮凝。”39（粘土和粘土矿物）。

Wada,K.,Wada,S.-I.,Kakuto,Y.,Beppu,Y.: "Flocculation of smectitic soil clay by synthetic and natural imogolite and allophane" Soil Science Society of America Journal. 54. (1991)

Wada，K.，Wada，S.-I.，Kakuto，Y.，Beppu，Y.：“合成和天然伊毛缟石和水铝英石对蒙脱石土壤粘土的絮凝”美国土壤科学学会杂志。

Wada,K.,Kakuto,Y.and Wada,S.ーI.: "Flocculation of smectitic and kaolinitic soil clays with syntheitc hydroxyaluminosilicate polymers." Clays and Clay Minerals. 39. (1991)

Wada, K.、Kakuto, Y. 和 Wada, S.-I.：“合成羟基铝硅酸盐聚合物对蒙脱石和高岭土粘土的絮凝。”39（粘土和粘土矿物）。

Wada, K., Kakuto, Y. and Wada, S. -I.: "Flocculation of smectitic and kaolinitic soil clays with synthetic hydroxyaluminosilicate polymers." Clays and Clay Minerals. 39. (1991)

Wada, K.、Kakuto, Y. 和 Wada, S. -I.：“用合成羟基铝硅酸盐聚合物对蒙脱石和高岭土粘土进行絮凝。”