Studies on the Relation between the Control of Surface Free Energies of Fabrics by Surface Modification and Detergency

研究了织物表面改性对去除含油土壤的影响。从毛细管展布的测量结果可以看出，接枝丙烯酸使聚酯具有更强的亲水性。利用接触角测量、FT-IR和ESCA光谱对丙烯酸接枝聚酯表面进行了表征。表面羧基只影响表面能的极性分量，而不影响表面能的色散分量。FT-IR和ESCA表征都提供了具有高度表面灵敏度的信息，并且FT-IR和ESCA的相对峰面积比与色散成分呈线性相关。采用氟烷基嵌段聚合物对尼龙和聚酯表面进行改性，并用接触角测量和ESCA对其进行了表征。表面自由能随嵌段聚合物覆盖比的增加而减小。在ESCA中，表面自由能与Fls强度呈线性关系。以角鲨烷、三烯和油酸为模型皮脂土，进行了洗涤实验。结果表明，表面亲水性（接枝）提高了对含油土壤的去除效果，而表面脂化降低了对含油土壤的去除效果。从清净功的角度出发，用表面自由能极性分量的变化来解释表面改性去除的变化。

Effects of surface modification of fabrics on removal of oily soil were investigated for both soil release and soil repellent finishes. From the capillary spreading measurements, it was made clear that grafting with acrylic acid makes polyester more hydrophilic. The surface of polyester grafted with acrylic acid was characterized using contact angle measurements and FT-IR and ESCA spectroscopy. The COOH groups on the surface influence only on the polar component of surface energy and not the dispersive one. Both the FT-IR and ESCA characterizations provides information with a high degree of surface sensitivity, and the relative peak area ratios of FT-IR and ESCA were linearly correlated to the dispersive component.The surfaces of nylon and polyester were modified with fluoro alkyl blockpolymers, and characterized by contact angle measurements and ESCA. The surface free energies decreased with the increase in covering ratios by block polymer. There observed a linear relationship between surface free energy and Fls intensity in ESCA.Washing experiments were examined using squalane, triolene and oleic acid as model sebum soil. It was found that surface hydrophilization (grafting) improves the removal of oily soil, but surface lipohilization lessens the removal. On the view point of work of detergency, these changes in removal by surface modification were interpreted in terms of changes in polar component of surface free energy.