Studies on the Relation between the Control of Surface Free Energies of Fabrics by Surface Modification and Detergency

研究了织物表面改性对去污整理和拒污整理去除油污的影响。从毛细管扩展测量中可以清楚地看出，用丙烯酸接枝使聚酯更具亲水性。采用接触角测量、红外光谱和光电子能谱对接枝丙烯酸的聚酯表面进行了表征。表面上的COOH基团只影响表面能的极性分量，而不影响色散分量。FT-IR和ESCA表征结果均具有较高的表面灵敏度，且FT-IR和ESCA的相对峰面积比与分散组分呈线性相关。用氟烷基嵌段聚合物对尼龙和聚酯进行表面改性，并通过接触角测量和ESCA表征。表面自由能随嵌段聚合物覆盖率的增加而降低。用角鲨烷、三油酸烯和油酸作为模拟皮脂污垢，进行了洗涤实验。结果发现，表面亲油（接枝）提高了去除油性污垢，但表面脂化减少了去除。从去污功的观点出发，用表面自由能极性分量的变化来解释表面改性去除率的变化。

Effects of surface modification of fabrics on removal of oily soil were investigated for both soil release and soil repellent finishes. From the capillary spreading measurements, it was made clear that grafting with acrylic acid makes polyester more hydrophilic. The surface of polyester grafted with acrylic acid was characterized using contact angle measurements and FT-IR and ESCA spectroscopy. The COOH groups on the surface influence only on the polar component of surface energy and not the dispersive one. Both the FT-IR and ESCA characterizations provides information with a high degree of surface sensitivity, and the relative peak area ratios of FT-IR and ESCA were linearly correlated to the dispersive component.The surfaces of nylon and polyester were modified with fluoro alkyl blockpolymers, and characterized by contact angle measurements and ESCA. The surface free energies decreased with the increase in covering ratios by block polymer. There observed a linear relationship between surface free energy and Fls intensity in ESCA.Washing experiments were examined using squalane, triolene and oleic acid as model sebum soil. It was found that surface hydrophilization (grafting) improves the removal of oily soil, but surface lipohilization lessens the removal. On the view point of work of detergency, these changes in removal by surface modification were interpreted in terms of changes in polar component of surface free energy.