Pyrochemical Study on Recovery of Platinum Group Elements

铂族元素热化学回收研究

• 批准号: 01580226
• 负责人: MORIYAMA Hirotake
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: Kyoto University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01580226/
• 关键词: Platinum Group Elements; Insoluble Residue; Pyrochemistry; Non-aqueous Process; Recovery; Actinide Elements; Thermodynamics; Spent Fuels

The recovery of platinum group elements from spent fuels is a very interesting subject for limited natural resources in our country. In the present study, the technical feasibility of liquid metal extraction for the recovery of platinum group elements has been investigated not only theoretically but also experimentally.Liquid metal extraction is usually performed in binary phase extraction systems of extractant and flux, and a large number of the combination of extractant and flux may be considered. It is not easy but is difficult to examine all of these systems experimentally. A thermodynamic model has thus been presented on the basis of previous studies, and has been applied to predict the performance of liquid metal extraction prior to experimental works. A high performance has been predicted in the case of such extractants as Zn and Sn.Following the theoretical predictions, the performance of some promising extraction systems has been studied experimentally. Since the extractant liquid metals were predicted to play important roles, different metals of Zn, -Cd, Sn, Pb and Bi were compared with one another by laking the reference flux phase of LiCl-KC]. The experimental results of the recovery yields and decontamination factors of platinum group elements well agreed with the predictions of the thermodynamic model and a high performances was confirmed for Zn and Sn.The present study has shown that a very high performance of liquid metal extraction is expected with the selected extractant and extraction condition. It can be concluded that liquid metal extraction is promising as a means of the recovery of platinum group elements and that it is worth of further research and development.

从乏燃料中回收铂族元素是我国自然资源有限的一个重要课题。本文从理论上和实验上探讨了液态金属萃取回收铂族元素的技术可行性。液态金属萃取通常在萃取剂和助熔剂的双相萃取系统中进行，大量的萃取剂和助熔剂的组合可以被考虑。用实验方法检验所有这些系统是不容易的，但也是困难的。因此，在前人研究的基础上提出了一个热力学模型，并应用于在实验工作之前预测液态金属萃取的性能。预测锌、锡等萃取剂具有较高的萃取性能。在理论预测的基础上，对几种有前景的萃取系统进行了实验研究。由于萃取剂液态金属在萃取剂中起重要作用，我们利用LiCl-KC的参考通量相对Zn、-Cd、Sn、Pb和Bi等不同金属进行了比较。实验结果表明，铂族元素的回收率和去污系数与热力学模型的预测结果吻合较好，对Zn和Sn的去污率也具有较高的去污率。研究表明，选择合适的萃取剂和萃取条件，可获得较高的萃取性能。液态金属萃取是回收铂族元素的一种很有前途的方法，值得进一步研究和开发。

项目成果

Hirotake Moriyama: "Equilibrium Distributions of Actinides and Fission Products in Pyrochemical Separation System,(I) Thermodynamic Model" Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology. 27. 827-834 (1990)

Hirotake Moriyama：“热化学分离系统中锕系元素和裂变产物的平衡分布，(I)热力学模型”核科学与技术杂志。

Hirotake Moriyama: "Pyrochemical Partitioning of Actinides and Fission Products in a Molten Chloride/Liquid Cadmium System" Proc.of 7th International Symposium on Molten Salts. 683-693 (1990)

Hirotake Moriyama：“熔融氯化物/液体镉系统中锕系元素和裂变产物的热化学分配”第七届国际熔盐研讨会论文集。

Hirotake Moriyama: "Equilibrium Distributions of Actinides and Fission Products in Pyrochemical Separation Systems,(II)LiClーKCl System" Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology. 27. 937-943 (1990)

Hirotake Moriyama：“热化学分离系统中锕系元素和裂变产物的平衡分布，(II)LiCl-KCl 系统”核科学与技术杂志 27. 937-943 (1990)。

Hirotake Moriyama et al.: "Equilibrium Distributions of Actinides and Fission Products in Pyrochemical Separation Systems, (I) Thermodynamic Model" J. Nucl. Sci. Technol.27. 827-834 (1990)

Hirotake Moriyama 等人：“热化学分离系统中锕系元素和裂变产物的平衡分布，(I) 热力学模型”J. Nucl。

Hirotake Moriyama et al.: "Equilibrium Distributions of Actinides and Fission Products in Pyrochemical Separation Systems, (II) LiCl-KCl/Cd System" J. Nucl. Sci. Technol.27. 937-943 (1990)

Hirotake Moriyama 等人：“热化学分离系统中锕系元素和裂变产物的平衡分布，(II) LiCl-KCl/Cd 系统”J. Nucl。