Acidic Shock of Snowmelt Water in the Eastern Canada

加拿大东部融雪水的酸性冲击

• 批准号: 02041003
• 负责人: KOBAYASHI Daiji
• 金额: $ 8.9万
• 依托单位: Hokkaido University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02041003/
• 关键词: Eastern Canada; Small Forested Watershed; Acidic Shock of Snowmelt Water; pH; Heat Balance; Snowmelt Runoff; Snow Lysimeter; 酸性融雪水

Studies on the chemical and physical evolution of the snowpack and meltwater discharge are carried out at a boreal forest site on the Canadian Shield, Quebec in 1991. The watershed (1.22km2) of River Aulnales is situated at latitude 47ﾟ17'N and longitude 71ﾟ10'W in the Montmorency Forest 60 km north of Quebec City, Canada. The altitude ranged between 777 and 991m. The forest cover consists of the balsam fir - white birch climax zone of the boreal coniferous forest.Meteorological observations are carried out at the both forest site and open site. Observed meteorological items are wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, humidity and depth of snow cover.Snowmelt water is collected by lysimeters (fiberglass tank, 1m x 4m) which are installed before the first snowfall of the winter season at the both forest site and open site. Conductivity and pH of snowmelt water are monitored automatically.River water is collected by the automatic water sampler. Discharge, conductivity and pH of river water are monitored automatically.Water equivalent, density and free water content of snow cover are measured everyday. Snowcover samples are taken approximately every 3 days during the snowmelt season at the both forest site and open site.Precipitation (snow and rain) is collected by means of plastic collectors at the both forest site and open site.Samples of precipitation, snowcover, snowmelt water and river water are filtered at the laboratory of Quebec University. The concentration of anions of samples are measured by means of Dionex ion chromatography at the laboratory of Quebec University.

1991年，在加拿大地盾魁北克的一个北方森林地点，对积雪和融水排放的化学和物理演变进行了研究。奥纳莱斯河的分水岭（1.22平方公里）位于加拿大魁北克市以北60公里的蒙特莫伦西森林中，北纬47 ° 17 '，西经71 ° 10'。海拔高度在777米到991米之间。森林覆盖由北方针叶林的香脂冷杉-白色白桦顶极带组成。观测的气象项目包括风速、风向、空气温度、湿度和积雪深度。融雪水由蒸渗仪（玻璃纤维罐，1 m x 4 m）收集，蒸渗仪在冬季第一场雪之前安装在森林站点和开放站点。自动监测融雪水的电导率和pH值。河水由自动水采样器采集。自动监测河水流量、电导率和pH值，每天测量积雪的水当量、密度和自由水含量。在融雪季节，在森林和开放场地大约每3天采集一次积雪样本。在森林和开放场地，通过塑料收集器收集降水（雪和雨）。在魁北克大学实验室过滤降水、积雪、融雪水和河水样本。样品的阴离子浓度是在魁北克大学实验室用Dionex离子色谱仪测定的。

项目成果

K. Suzuki: "Acidic Shock of Snowmelt Water in the Eastern Canada" Journal of Geography. 98. 491-495 (1989)

K. Suzuki：“加拿大东部融雪水的酸性冲击”地理学杂志。

鈴木 啓助: "融雪水中の溶存成分濃度の日変化" 雪氷(日本雪氷学会誌). 53. 21-31 (1991)

Keisuke Suzuki：“融雪水中溶解成分浓度的日变化”《Snow and Ice》（日本冰雪学会杂志）53. 21-31（1991）。

鈴木 啓助: "融雪水中の化学成分濃度の日変化" 雪氷(日本雪氷学会誌). (1991)

Keisuke Suzuki：“融雪水中化学成分浓度的日变化”《雪与冰》（日本雪与冰学会杂志）（1991）。

鈴木 啓助: "融雪水の酸性化現象" 日本河川水質年鑑. 973-986 (1990)

铃木圭介：“融雪水的酸化现象”日本河流水质年鉴973-986（1990）。

鈴木 啓助,石井 吉之,兒玉 裕二,小林 大二: "カナダ東部モンモレンシ-における融雪について" 日本雪氷学会全国大会講演予稿集. 29 (1991)

Keisuke Suzuki、Yoshiyuki Ishii、Yuji Kodama、Daiji Kobayashi：“加拿大东部蒙莫朗西的融雪”日本冰雪学会全国会议记录 29 (1991)。