Role for membrane phospholipids in cell-cell interaction

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

We purified phospholipase A2 from platelets and mast cells and studied a mechanism for its activation (K. Inoue). We also purified several isozymes of phospholipase A2 from rat intestinal mucosa and clarified their distribution among different cell types (M. Okamoto). We found that peroxidation of membrane phospholipids leads to the activation of phospholipase A2 in platelets (T. Fujii). We showed that an ability to produce diacylglycerol (DG) is closely related to resistibility to lymphotoxins and clarified a mechanism for phospholipase A2 activation caused by cytotoxic action of lymphotoxins (T. Osawa, S. Toyoshima). We purified and characterized phospholipase C in human platelets (Y. Nozawa). We demonstrated the occurrence of phospholipase C in rat liver nuclear fraction and found an induction of different molecular species of the enzyme during cell proliferation.We found a regulatory factor for platelet-activating factor (PAF) production in neutrophils and alveolar macrophages (K. … More Waku), We found occurrence of PAF in unstimulated tissues such as stomach, heart and uterus (K. Saito). We established a radioimmunoassay method employing PAF-specific antibodies (S. Nojima). We found patients deficient in PAF acetylhydrolase and purified a PAF-releasing factor from their sera (Y. Sizuki).We clarified a mechanism for platelet activation by collagen (M. Kito). We purified phosphatidylinositol (PI) kinase concerning intracellular signal transduction from rat brain (T. Takenawa). We studied the function of PI-anchoring protein (H. Ikezawa). We purified DG lipase from rat liver and studied a mechanism for its activation (Y. Nakazawa). We also studied genetic factors which affect phosphatidylserine biosynthesis and a role for sphingolipid in cell proliferation (Y. Akamats). We studied effects of fatty acid molecular species on production of antibodies and tumor necrosis factor (H. Okuyama). We studied physicochemical properties of fatty acids (A. Hamada). We chemically synthesized unnatural phospholipids and studied their function in biological membranes (T. Muramatsu). Less