A Development of Operating System with Darrieus-type Cross-flow Water Turbine for Ultra-low Head Hydro-power

超低水头水轮机Darrieus型贯流水轮机操作系统的开发

• 批准号: 02555040
• 负责人: FURUKAWA Akinori
• 金额: $ 3.71万
• 依托单位: Kyushu University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02555040/
• 关键词: Water Turbine; Cross-flow; Ultra-low Head Hydro-power; Darrieus-type Runner; Operating System; Efficiency; Operating Range

The Darrieus-type cross flow water turbine has been developed for ultra low head hydro power from the reason that its simple shape and structure could reduce the capital and maintenance costs. Model tests of the Darrieus-type runner with straight blades in a rectangular ducted casing have been conducted with theoretical consideration to clarify the guiding principles for designing high efficiency runner and operating under optimum control. Results of those systematic works are as follows. 1)Runner blade parameters as the preferable blade sectional profile of NACA0015-0018, the ratio of blade chord length to the radius of pitch circle of the runner of l/R=about0.3, the blade setting angle tangent to the pitch circle are recommended. 2)The compromise between high efficiency and small time variation of torque yeilded three bladed runner. 3)The method to support the blades to the rotating shaft was proposed t o reduce a friction loss of the runner without dete-riorating the blade performance due to a blade tip effect. 4)The characteristics of the self-starting and moving processes of this type of water turbine with a generator and a speed in creasing device to any operating point were evaluated by experiments and a numerical simulation. 5)A simple method to control the system of this type of water turbune effectively was proposed. 6)The curves of hydro performance and cavitation limit of a runner with the optimum configuration were shown as useful data for designing the recommended best efficiency runner. 7)The guiding principles of the optimum wall shapes of the intake, the runner casing and the draft tube were proposed to make the runner performance maximum and all hydraulic losses minimum. And finally 8)the usable range of the Darrieus-type water turbines was illustrated for head and flow capacity with the available output power in comparison with those of other conventional type of water turbines.

Darrieus型贯流式涡轮机因其形状和结构简单，可降低投资和维护成本，而被开发用于超低水头水力发电。本文对矩形涵道内的Darrieus型直叶片转轮进行了模型试验，并从理论上阐明了设计高效转轮和最佳控制运行的指导原则。这些系统工作的结果如下。1)推荐NACA 0015 -0018的叶片截面型线为叶片弦长与节圆半径之比l/R= 0.3左右，叶片安装角与节圆相切。2)三叶片转轮在高效率与小时变之间的折衷。3)提出了将叶片支承在旋转轴上的方法，以减少转轮的摩擦损失，而不会因叶尖效应而降低叶片的性能。4)通过试验和数值模拟，研究了这种带发电机和增速装置的涡轮机在任意工况点的自起动和运行特性。5）提出了一种简单有效的控制方法，对该型水轮机的系统进行了控制。6)给出了最优结构转轮的水力性能曲线和空化极限曲线，为推荐的最佳效率转轮的设计提供了有用的数据。7)提出了以转轮性能最大、水力损失最小为目标的进水口、机匣和尾水管最佳壁面形状的指导原则。最后，通过与其它常规水轮机的比较，从水头、流量、可用输出功率等方面说明了Darrieus型水轮机的适用范围。

项目成果

Y.Takamatsu,A.Furukawa,K.Okuma,K.Takenouchi: "Experimental Studies on a Preferable Blade Profile for High Efficiency and the Blade Characteristics of Darrieus-Type Cross-Flow Water Turbines" JSME International Journal. 34. 149-156 (1991)

Y.Takamatsu、A.Furukawa、K.Okuma、K.Takenouchi：“针对高效率的优选叶片轮廓和 Darrieus 型横流式水轮机叶片特性的实验研究”JSME 国际期刊。

Takamatsu,Y., Furukawa,A., Okuma,K., Takenouchi,K., Sasaki,T. and Zhao,G.-H.: "Studies on Cavitation Occurring on the Runner Blade of a Darrieus-Type Cross-Flow Water Turbine" JSME International Journal,Ser.II. Vol.35,No.1. 46-52 (1992)

高松，Y.，古川，A.，大隈，K.，竹内，K.，佐佐木，T.

Y.TAKAMATSU,A.FURUKAWA,K.OKUMA,K.TAKENOUCHI,T.SASAKI,G.-H.Zhao: "Studies on Cavitation Oocurring on the Runner Blade of a Darrieus-Type Water Turbine" JSME International Journal,Series II. 35. 46-52 (1992)

Y.TAKAMATSU,A.FURUKAWA,K.OKUMA,K.TAKENOUCHI,T.SASAKI,G.-H.Zhao：“Studies on Cavitation Ooccurring on the Runner Blade of a Darrieus-Type Water Turbine” JSME 国际期刊，系列 II

Furukawa,A., Takenouchi,K., Okuma,K., Sasaki,T., and Takamatsu,Y.: "Effects of Casing Shapes at the Inlet and a Shaft Cowl on the Blade Performance of a Darrieus-Type Cross-Flow Water Turbine (in Japanese)" Technology Reports of Kyushu Univ.Vol.64,No.2. 8

Furukawa,A.、Takenouchi,K.、Okuma,K.、Sasaki,T. 和 Takamatsu,Y.：“入口处的壳体形状和轴罩对 Darrieus 型横流叶片性能的影响

古川 明徳,竹之内 和樹,佐々木 俊彦,大熊 九州男,高松 康生: "ダリウス形横流水車の低速度比におけるランナ翼特性に関する実験的研究" 九州大学工学集報. 63. 681-685 (1990)

Akinori Furukawa、Kazuki Takenouchi、Toshihiko Sasaki、Kyushu Okuma、Yasuo Takamatsu：“大流士型贯流式水轮机低速比转轮叶片特性的实验研究”九州大学工学通报63。681-685（1990）。