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DIFFUSION OF ANCIENT AGRICULTURE TO TOHOKU AND HOKKAIDO BASED ON THE PLANT REMAINS RECOVERD BY AN APPLICATION OF THE FLOTATION METHOD.

通过应用浮选法，恢复以植物遗存为基础的古代农业向东北和北海道的传播。

基本信息

批准号：
02610187
负责人：
YOSHIZAKI Masakazu
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1) IDENTIFICATION OF CARBONIZED PLANT REMAINS (CARBONIZED SEEDS/FRUITS) a) We have collected carbonized seeds and fruits using flotation method from archaeological sites. b) At the same time, we have collected modem weed- and cultivated plant-seeds/fruits in order to record process of carbonization. The modem seeds and fruits are artificially carbonized, applying different time durations and various temperatures. The resulted morphological changes are recorded. c) Together with site names and dates, all collected data (both modem and archaeological) are scanned and stored in Machentosh data-base.2) SUMMARY OF PREHISTORIC FOOD PRODUCTION IN HOKKAIDO AND TOHOKU a) Initial Jomon period: No plant remains which would imply an existence of food production was recovered. b) Early Jomon period: Echinochloa may have been intensivly utilized in southwestern region of Hokkaido. It is possible that the genus Echinochloa may have been husbanded during this period. c) Middle Jomon period: In southwestern Hokkaido, the average seed-size of the genus Echinochloa during this period was approximately 20 % larger than previous period. In Tohoku region, which is considered as the core center of the Jomon culture, we have collected 2961 carbonized Echinochloa seeds (at the Tominosawa site). This piece of information will be important in understanding "Jomon Echinochloa" domestion. Northem Tohoku may have played important role for cultivation/domestication of Echinochloa. d) Final Jomon Period: In Hachinohe region of Aomori, the grains of Oryza sativa have been recovered. However, it is not clear yet as to whether or not rice was actually produced in this area. e) Post-Jomon Period: We have collected grains of rice, barley, wheat, and barnyard millet, in Aomori, dating right after the Jomon period. This piece of information implies influence of the Yayoi culture in this region.

1)植物遗存（碳化种子/果实）的鉴定a)我们利用浮选法从考古遗址收集了碳化种子和果实。b)同时，我们收集了现代杂草和栽培植物的种子/果实，以记录炭化过程。现代的种子和果实是人工碳化的，使用不同的时间和不同的温度。记录结果的形态学变化。c)所有收集到的数据（包括现代数据和考古数据）连同遗址名称和日期一起被扫描并存储在Machentosh数据库中。2)北海道和东北的史前食物生产概述a)绳纹时代初期：没有发现任何表明食物生产存在的植物遗迹。b)绳纹早期：在北海道西南地区，棘藻可能已被大量利用。在这一时期，棘藻属可能已经被消灭了。c)绳纹中期：在北海道西南部，这一时期棘藻属的平均种子大小比前一时期大了约20%。在被认为是绳纹文化核心的东北地区，我们（在富之泽遗址）收集了2961颗碳化的紫藻种子。这一信息对于理解绳纹石虎的驯化具有重要意义。东北北部可能在紫衣草的栽培/驯化中发挥了重要作用。d)绳纹时代末期：在青森的八户河地区，发现了水稻的籽粒。然而，目前尚不清楚该地区是否真的生产大米。e)后绳纹时代：我们在青森地区收集到了绳纹时代之后的大米、大麦、小麦和谷子。这条信息暗示了弥生文化在该地区的影响。