Molecular Design of Organic-Inorganic Composite Materials for Catalysis

氧化锆磷酸盐是固体材料，通常在异黄酮形式下合成，通过四氮化合物中溶解盐的反应，四氮化合物和磷酸盐或有机磷酸盐：However，它可能合成许多它们作为crystaline化合物。对两个dimensional zirconium磷酸盐衍生物的制备和表征已被调查。Crystaline zirconium磷酸盐的潜在应用具有显著的最近利益。依赖于R组，这些材料在色谱分离、光化学、燃料细胞和催化领域的不同应用是预期的。在钛磷酸盐的情况下，用一般公式。Zr（O_3POH）_2·nH_2O，是最广泛的被调查的水晶铁矿石zirconium，磷酸盐是一种分层的酸盐，α-Zr（O_3POH）_2-H_2O晶体，由集群和澄清单晶体工作中的晶体管分配。为锡金磷而设 ... More honates， however，两个dimensional四甲苯金属平面的结构基本上与zirconium磷酸盐结构相似;替代羟基组是所需的有机功能组，主要远离中间层区域的底层表面。因此，氧化锆磷酸盐材料可作为一系列经修改的表面，并可用于催化反应分子的可获得性。单个晶体相位中的氧化锆磷酸盐也可被XRD、^<13>C-和^<31>P-MASNMR调查和表征。这些化合物是lamellar structures，包括zirconium phosphates或organophosphonates。每个层都考虑到了一个由钛合金组成的平面，通过磷酸盐组的阳极和下面的Zr原子平面，从中间层区域的一个模糊时尚中的基础表面出发。氮烷基磷酸盐的催化性能是通过氢化乙酯或通过醋酸盐的esterification来评估的。当复合磷酸锆被合成为一个酸性功能和一个羟基功能在单个晶体相位中合成时，催化活性显示出一个没有催化剂在反应介质中大量繁殖的更高活性。复合材料成为可获取的，以提高任何反应分子和羟基。Less（低）

Zirconium phosphonates are solid materials typically synthesized in amorphous forms under aqueou conditions by the reaction of a soluble salt of a tetravalent metal and a phosphonic acid or an organophosphori acid :However, it is possible to synthesize many of them as crystalline compounds. Preparation and characterization of two-dimensional zirconium phosphonate derivatives have been investigated. The potential applications of crystalline zirconium phosphonates have significant recent interest. Depending on the R group, different applications for these materials in the field of chromatographic separation, photochemistry, fuel cell, and catalysis are expected. In the case of zirconium phosphates, with the general formula. Zr(O_3POH)_2・nH_2O, the most extensively investigated crystalline zirconium, phosphate is an a layered acid salt, alpha-Zr(O_3POH)_2-H_2O crystallizes in the monoclinic system, as assigned by Troup and Clearfield from their single crystal work. For the zirconium phosp … More honates, however, the twodimensional tetravalent metal plane has a structure essentially similar to the zirconium phosphate structure ; substituted for hydroxyl groups are the desired organic functional groups, oriented away from the basal surfaces in a bilayered fashion in the interlayer region. Therefore, zirconium phosphonate materials can act as a series of modified surfaces, and become accessible for reactant molecules of catalysis.Two composite zirconium phosphonates in single crystal phase have also been investigated and characterized by XRD, ^<13>C-, and ^<31>P-MASNMR. These compounds are lamellar structures comprising zirconium phosphates or organophosphonates. Each layer consists of planes of zirconium bridged through phosphonate groups which altemate above and below the Zr atom planes, oriented away from the basal surfaces in a bilayered fashion in the interlayer region. The catalytic performance over zirconium phosphonates is evaluated by hydrolysis of ethylacetate or by esterification of acefic acid. When the composite zirconium phosphonate is composed with an acidic function and with a hydrophobic function in single crystal phase, the catalytic activity showed a higher activity without swelling of the catalyst in the reaction media. The composite materials become accessible, to any reactant molecule and improve hydrophobicity. Less