Studies on translocation of assimilates into fruits, and it's metabolism in horticultural plants.

a.甜瓜<14>和黄瓜植株中碳同化物的分配及其代谢主茎叶位对<14>瓜类果实中碳同化物在侧枝的分配影响不大。供CO_2叶片产生的<14>碳同化物<14>被转运到叶柄、供CO_2叶片下的茎<14>、带果的侧枝、花序梗和果实中。在这些组织中，研究了^<14>C在果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖和寡糖组分中的分布。在<14>甜瓜和黄瓜植株中，^ C在低聚糖组分中的分配百分比在沿着转运途径的组织中逐渐降低，但甜瓜植株中的分配百分比值始终高于黄瓜植株。在<14>甜瓜和黄瓜植株中，^ C在蔗糖和单糖组分中的分配百分比在沿着转运路线的组织中增加。这些结果表明，易位物质可能是Meta 关于我们 沿沿着转运途径在组织中降解，甜瓜和黄瓜中的降解活性不同。葡萄藤同化物的代谢。据报道，葡萄植株中的转运物质是蔗糖，但在2-3周后的新梢中。盛花期，<14>“特拉华州”供CO_2叶片向茎皮转移的糖主要是单糖，而“协和”则主要是蔗糖。在两个品种的花序梗和果实中，没有或很少检测到^<14>C-蔗糖。这些结果表明，转运物质在转运途径沿着组织中的降解活性因品种而异。用I_2-淀粉反应判断法国梨果实成熟度欧洲梨‘法国’在日本山形县盛花后165天左右采收，但果实成熟后品质不同年份间差异很大。对于果实成熟度的判断，涂药后15 min I_2-Strach反应显色法是最实用的方法。根据1986-1991年连续5年对生长成熟期果实淀粉含量的调查，认为应测定果实至8月底果肉淀粉的积累量和9月中旬至10月初淀粉的下降速度，以判断果实成熟度。本文尝试建立一种实用的方法，用碘-淀粉反应来估算淀粉的降解速度。少

a. ^<14>C-Assimilates partitioning and its metabolism in melon and cucumber plants.Effect of leaf position on the main stem on the distribution of ^<14>C-assimilates into melon fruits on the lateral shoot was little detected. ^<14>C-assimilates produced in the ^<14>CO_2-fed-leaf translocated to petiol, stem just below the ^<14>CO_2-fed-leaf, leteral shoot with fruit, peduncle and fruit. In these tissues, distributions of ^<14>C in fructose, glucose, sucrose and oligosaccharides fractions were investigated. Percentage distribution of ^<14>C in oligosaccharides fraction decreased gradually, in the tissues along the translocation route, in melon and cucumber plants, but the percentage values were always higher in melon plant compared with cucumber plant. Percentage distributions of ^<14>C in sucrose and monosaccharides fraction increased in the tissues along the translocation route, in both of melon and cucumber plants. These results suggest that the translocation substances could be meta … More bolized in the tissues along the translocation route, and the degradation activity in melon differed to cucumber.b. Metabolism of assimilates in grapevine.Translocation substance in grape-vine was reported as sucrose, but in the shoots 2-3 weeks after. full bloom, the sugars translocated fbom ^<14>C0_2-fed-leaf to the bark of stem was mainly monosaccharides in 'Delaware' while mainly sucrose in 'Concord'. In the peduncle and fruits in both cultivars, no or little ^<14>C-sucrose was detected. These results suggests that the degradation activity of translocation substances in the tissues along the translocation route are varying with cultivars.c. Estimation of maturity of 'La France' pear fruit by I_2-starch reaction.Fruits of European pear 'La France' are harvested about 165 days after full bloom, in Yamagata Prefecture in Japan, but the fruits quality after ripening are not similar by years. For the estimation of the maturity of the fruits, color of the I_2-strach reaction 15 min after painting of the reagent is the most practical methods. Based on the investigation of the starch content in the growing and maturing fruits for five years from 1986-1991, it was considered that the quantity of accumulated starch in flesh of fruits until the end of August and the decreasing speed of the starch from middle September to the beginning of October have to be measured to estimate the fruit maturity. Development of the practical method to estimate the degradation speed of starch by I2-starch reaction was tried. Less