Changes of grass root system, soil fauna and soil microflora in the process of decaying of crushed wood fragments.

碎木片腐烂过程中草根系统、土壤动物和土壤微生物区系的变化。

• 批准号: 02660072
• 负责人: SUZUKI Sohzoh
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02660072/
• 关键词: soil microorganism; soil animals; bacteria; actinomycetes; fungi; cellulose decomposing microbe; biomass; ploughless pastre; 放牧草地; 腐朽

The author investigated the change of grass root system, soil fauna and soil microflora in the ploughless pasture soil rich in crushed wood fragments in a mountainous region in Aomori Prefecture. The results obtained are as follows.1. Though the numbers of Collembola and Acari decreased from 10^*4/m^2 to 10^*3/m^2 in the establishment, they increased again 3 months after the establishment. The proportion of Acari increased from 20% to 50% in the surface layer after the establishment.2. The numbers of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi were 10^*6, 10^*6 and 10^*4/g of dried soil respectively before the establishment. They increased 10times after the establishment. The numbers of them in the much wood test plot were less than those in the less wood plot.3. The numbers of bacteria and actinomycetes, fungi and cellulose decomposing microbe were 10^*7 -8, 10^*5 -6, and 10^*6 -7/g of dried soil respectively. They increased from May to October gradually. The numbers of cellulose decomposing microbe in the test plot were more than those without crushed wood fragments.4. Cellulose papers buried in the surface soil were almost decomposed in 50-60 days either in the test field or in the laboratory regulated temperature and humidity. The decomposing rate increased two times, 20-30 and 40 -50 days. Though the numbers of bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi and microbial biomass C increased in both 2 times, those of cellulose decomposing microbe increased only in 20-30 days and decreased in 40 -50 days.5. The numbers of Acari, Collembola and Nematoda were 10^*4 -5, 10^*3 - 5 and 10^*4-7 /m^2 respectively and those of Acari and Nematoda increased gradually from spring to autumn. Though Nematoda were observed in every layer, Acari and Collembola were observed only in the surface layer. The ecological type of the Nematoda observed were classified to live by the fresh water and in wet soils.

作者调查了青森县山区富含碎木屑的免耕牧场土壤中草根系统、土壤动物和土壤微生物区系的变化。得到的结果如下： 1．虽然建群时跳虫和螨虫的数量从10^*4/m^2下降到10^*3/m^2，但建群后3个月又再次增加。建立后表层螨虫比例由20%增加到50%。 2．建植前细菌、放线菌、真菌数量分别为10^*6、10^*6、10^*4/g干土。成立后增加了10倍。多材试验地的数量少于少材试验地的数量。 3．细菌和放线菌、真菌和纤维素分解微生物的数量分别为10^*7 -8 、10^*5 -6 和10^*6 -7 /g干土。从5月到10月逐渐增加。试验区纤维素分解微生物的数量比没有碎木片的试验区要多。 4．埋在表层土壤中的纤维素纸无论是在试验场还是在实验室调节温度和湿度的情况下，50-60天内几乎被分解。分解速度增加两倍，分别为20-30天和40-50天。虽然细菌、放线菌、真菌和微生物生物量C的数量均增加了2倍，但纤维素分解微生物的数量仅在20-30天增加，在40-50天减少。5．螨虫、跳虫和线虫的数量分别为10^*4 -5、10^*3 - 5和10^*4-7 /m^2，且从春季到秋季逐渐增多。虽然每层都观察到线虫，但螨虫和跳虫仅在表层观察到。观察到的线虫的生态类型分为淡水生活和湿土生活。

项目成果

SUZUKI,S.,SUGIURA,T.and KOBAYASHI,H.: "A new method of ploughless pasture establishment in Japan.2.Initial growth of herbage on the seedbeds rich in crushed wood fragments," J.Japan.Grassl.Sci.36(3). 269-275 (1990)

SUZUKI,S.、SUGIURA,T. 和 KOBAYASHI,H.：“日本免耕牧场建设的新方法。2. 牧草在富含碎木碎片的苗床上的初始生长”，J.Japan.Grassl.Sci。

SUZUKI, S., SUGIURA, T. and KOBAYASHI, H.: "A new method of ploughless pasture establishment in Japan. 2. Initial growth of herbag" J. Japan Grassl. Sci.36(3). 269-275 (1990)

SUZUKI, S.、SUGIURA, T. 和 KOBAYASHI, H.：“日本免耕牧场建立的新方法。2. 草袋的初始生长” J. Japan Grassl。

鈴木 創三,杉浦 俊弘,小林 裕志: "破砕木片に富む播種床土壌中の微生物相、ー機械力を用いた不耕起草地造成試験(第6報)ー" 土肥誌.

Sozo Suzuki、Toshihiro Sugiura、Hiroshi Kobayashi：“富含碎木片的苗床土壤中的微生物群——使用机械力的免耕草地创建试验（第 6 次报告）”Toi Magazine。

鈴木 創三,杉浦 俊弘,小林 裕志: "破砕木片に富む放牧草地の土壌微生物相および微生物バイオマスCの季節的推移、ー機械力を用いた不耕起草地造成試験(第8報)ー" 土肥誌.

Sozo Suzuki、Toshihiro Sugiura、Hiroshi Kobayashi：“富含碎木片的牧场中土壤微生物群和微生物生物量 C 的季节变化 - 使用机械动力的免耕草地创建试验（第 8 次报告） -”Toi 杂志。

SUZIKI, S. and KOBAYASHI, H.: "Biolocigal factors involved in the formation of soils established grasslands, -A suggestion of ecological method of grasslanD establishmeat" Soil Phys. Cond. Plant Growth, Jpn.61. 31-42 (1990)

SUZIKI, S. 和 KOBAYASHI, H.：“生​​物因素参与建立草地土壤的形成，-草地建立生态方法的建议”土壤物理。