权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Effect of compost mixed with native soil animals and microorganism

堆肥与原生土壤动物和微生物混合的效果

基本信息

批准号：
15580242
负责人：
OTAKE Hideo
金额：
$ 1.79万
依托单位：
miyagi university (2005)Miyagi Agricultural College (2003-2004)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Chipped wood and cattle manure were made into three different composts with native microorganisms (compost M), native soil animals (compost A) and both native microorganisms and animals (compost MA). For comparison, compost without adding these was also made (compost C). The composts were evaluated in terms of growth performances of Komatsuna (Brassica rapa var. peruviridis), sorghum and orchard grass. The komatsuna and sorghum grew slightly better with the composts M and MA. Although the orchard grass performed best with the compost M, the growth was not as well as those with a conventional chemical fertilizer. Species of soil animals were compared among composts that were made of manures of cattle, deer, pigs and chickens and were either turned every 3 days (S-turn) or every month (L-turn) for three months. While mites were far abundance as occupying more than 90% of soil animals in all the S-turn composts, collembola were dominant as 20-30% in the L-turn composts made of cattle and deer manure. Roles of soil animals for nematodes in composts were also investigated in a lettuce field. The more the increase of soil animals in the composts the less the number of nematodes and there was a negative correlation (r=0.695) between the numbers of soil animals and nematodes in the composts. The fields fertilized with composts which were abundant in soil animals had higher numbers of soil animals but less nematodes compared with the fields fertilized with commercially prepared composts. Analyses of soil animals suggested that oribatida and gamasida mites might have suppressed increase of nematodes. These results indicate that fertilizing with composts which are abundant in soil animals will encourage diversity of soil animals and may suppress nematodes in the fertilized field.

将切碎的木材和牛粪与本地微生物（堆肥M）、本地土壤动物（堆肥A）和本地微生物和动物（堆肥MA）混合制成三种不同的堆肥。为了进行比较，还制作了不添加这些物质的堆肥（堆肥C）。以小松（Brassica rapa var. peruviridis）、高粱和果园草的生长性能为评价指标。施用M和MA的小松和高粱生长稍好。虽然施用M肥的果园草生长最好，但其生长不如施用常规化肥的果园草。以牛、鹿、猪和鸡的粪便为原料，每3天翻转一次（s型）或每月翻转一次（l型），连续3个月，对土壤动物的种类进行了比较。在所有s轮堆肥中，螨虫占土壤动物的90%以上，而在牛鹿粪l轮堆肥中，线虫占优势，占20-30%。土壤动物对线虫在堆肥中的作用也在生菜田进行了调查。土壤动物数量越多，线虫数量越少，土壤动物数量与堆肥中线虫数量呈负相关（r=0.695）。土壤动物数量丰富的堆肥与市售堆肥相比，土壤动物数量较多，线虫数量较少。土壤动物分析表明，恙螨和革螨可能抑制了线虫的生长。这些结果表明，施用土壤动物丰富的堆肥可以促进土壤动物的多样性，并可能抑制施肥田中线虫的生长。