Studies on the Relation between Timbre and Quality of the Lumber for Clarinet

本研究涉及单簧管和竖笛的音色。通过简单的演奏仪器，测量了一些物理特性，如衰减速度，在基频或谐波泛音频率声压级。另一方面，通过感官测试确定吹奏声的谐和度、平滑度、亮度、丰度、柔和度、混响度等心理特性。并且试图将物理性质与心理性质联系起来。结果表明：(1)从音色估计测试来看，单簧管理想的音色是回声充分、泛音丰富的声音。另一方面，竖笛似乎和单簧管差不多。但是，它在声音的混响和柔和中存在着适当的区域。(2)证实了估计的复声具有较长的混响时间和较慢的衰减速度。通过对塑料琴体与木质琴体的对比，阐述了塑料琴体的音色过厚、硬度大的特点。(3)声音的丰度与谐波泛音的分贝衰减量有关。然后，单簧管的理想音色随着这些量的减少而增加。声音的丰富性也受到声音的柔和程度的影响。(4)增加簧片吸水量，单簧管音色变差，变好后又恢复良好。这些变化被认为是由于芦苇的软化和重量的增加。

This study deals with the timbre for clarinet and recorder. By using the simple playing instruments, some physical properties such as the decrement velocity, sound pressure level at the fundamental or harmonic overtone frequencies were measured. On the other hand, some psychological properties such as consonance, smoothness, brightness, abundance, softness, reverberation for blowing sound were determined by the sensory test. And an attempt was made to be relate the physical properties to the psychological ones. The results obtained were as follows :(1) From the timbre estimation test, it is considered that the desirable tone color for clarinet is sufficiently echoed sound with the abundant overtones. On the other hand, that for recorder seems almost same as clarinet ones. However, it exists the adequate region in the reverberation and softness of sound.(2) It is confurmed that the estimated ecoer sounds have longer reverberation times and slower decrement velocities. Comparing with plastic body to woodn body, it is described that the timbre for plastic body was overecoed and hardness sounds.(3) The abundance of sound is related to the amount of decibel decrement par harmonic overtone. And then, the desirable tone color for clarinet increased with decreasing these amounts. The abundance of sound is also affected by the softness of sound.(4) Increasing the amount of water absorption in reed, the timbre for clarinet changes inferior condition, after then, recovered good condition again. It is considered that these changes due to the softning and increasing weigth for reed.