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Seasonal changes of digestive functions in Japanese Sika deer (Cervus nippon).

日本梅花鹿（Cervus nippon）消化功能的季节变化。

基本信息

批准号：
02660268
负责人：
SHOJI Yoshio
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Recently, the Japanese sika deer(Cervus nippon)have been suggested as a candidate for domestication for the production of meat in Japan. However, little is known about the digestive functions of sika deer. The purposes in this work are to investigate the seasonal changes of the digestive functions, the seasonal palatability of roughage species and the feed intake in Japanese sika deer.(Exp. l)The mean retention time of stained hay through the whole digestive tract and its digestibility were measured on May, August, November and February in 1989 and 1990 in 5 Japanese sika deer.The feed intake of the sika deer decreased in February. In spite of the high level of feed intake in Moveiiber, the digestibilities of DN, OM, NDF and-ADF in deer were also maintained high levels. These observations for digestive functions are different from the other domestic ruminant animals.(Exp. 2)The seasonal palatability of roughage species and the feed intake were investigated using 18 Japanese sika deer(buck 1, castrated stag 7, male calf 3, doe 5, female calf 2). These sika deer were fed on sufficient alfalfa(Medicago sativa)hay cubes, orchard-grass(Dactylis glomerata)hay, eulalia(Miscanthus sinensis)hay and rice straw. The rations and water were available continuously. The feed intake were measured every ten days and the individual body weight was weighed every month through a year. It has been observed that the feed intake was gradually decreased from November and was minimum, in February. Total body weight was tended to decrease during winter period. The Japanese sika deer ate almost always alfalfa pellets, it was fed more than 98% through a year.

最近，日本西卡鹿（Cervus nippon）已被建议作为一个候选人驯化的肉类生产在日本。然而，人们对西卡鹿的消化功能知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨日本西卡鹿消化机能的季节性变化、粗饲料种类的季节性适口性及采食量。（实验）（1）于1989年和1990年5月、8月、11月和2月测定了5只日本西卡全消化道染色干草的平均滞留时间和消化率。在采食量较高的情况下，鹿对DN、OM、NDF和-ADF的消化率也维持在较高水平。这些消化功能的观察结果与其它家畜反刍动物不同。（实验）2)对18头日本西卡鹿（公鹿1头，去势公鹿7头，公鹿3头，母鹿5头，母鹿2头）的季节性采食量和对粗饲料的适口性进行了研究。这些西卡鹿被喂以足够的苜蓿（Medicago sativa）干草块、鸭茅（Dactylis glomerata）干草、尤拉草（Miscanthus sinensis）干草和稻草。口粮和水源源不断。每10天测量一次采食量，并在一年内每月称重个体体重。从11月开始，采食量逐渐下降，2月最低。总体重在冬季呈下降趋势。日本西卡鹿几乎总是吃苜蓿颗粒，它被喂养超过98%，通过一年。